The ABCs: Airway, Breathing, Circulation

Once the scene is secure, EMRs perform a quick, systematic assessment to identify life-threatening problems.

Airway

Is the airway open and clear? If not, open it using the head-tilt/chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver.

Breathing

Is the patient breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breath. Provide rescue breaths if necessary.

Circulation

Check for a pulse and look for major bleeding. Control severe bleeding with direct pressure or a tourniquet if needed.

Rapid Decision Making

The primary assessment is fast—usually under a minute—so you can prioritize immediate interventions.

Real-World Scenarios

Whether it’s a fainting student or someone hit by a car, your ABCs assessment saves lives.