Understanding Heart Rhythms

Arrhythmias are abnormal heartbeats that can be too fast, too slow, or irregular. Recognizing and treating them quickly is vital in PALS.

Common Pediatric Arrhythmias

• Bradycardia: Heart is too slow
• Tachycardia: Heart is too fast
• Ventricular fibrillation: Heart quivers instead of pumping

Recognizing Arrhythmias

Use an ECG (electrocardiogram) to spot abnormal rhythms. Look for clues such as weak pulse, dizziness, or loss of consciousness.

Managing Arrhythmias

• Electrical therapy: Like defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation
• Medications: Such as epinephrine or adenosine
• CPR: If there is no pulse

Formula

The formula for heart rate is:

\[ \text{Heart Rate} = \frac{60}{\text{R-R interval (in seconds)}} \]

Real-World Impact

Fast recognition and treatment of arrhythmias can mean the difference between life and death for a child.