European History

An exploration of significant events, movements, and figures that have shaped Europe from ancient times to the present.

Advanced Topics

World Wars and Their Impact

A Century of Conflict

The 20th century saw two devastating world wars that reshaped Europe and the globe.

World War I

The “Great War” (1914–1918) involved trench warfare, new technologies, and millions of lives lost. Empires fell, and new countries appeared.

World War II

Lasting from 1939–1945, WWII began with Nazi Germany’s aggression. The Holocaust, resistance movements, and the eventual Allied victory changed Europe forever.

Rebuilding and Cooperation

After 1945, countries worked to rebuild, leading to the creation of the European Union and a focus on peace and cooperation.

Why It Matters

The wars’ lessons continue to shape European politics, memory, and international relations.

Examples

  • The Treaty of Versailles redrew Europe’s borders after WWI.

  • The devastation of WWII inspired the founding of the United Nations and the European Union.

In a Nutshell

Two world wars caused destruction but also led to efforts for lasting peace in Europe.