European History

An exploration of significant events, movements, and figures that have shaped Europe from ancient times to the present.

Advanced Topics

The Age of Revolutions

Challenging Old Orders

The 18th and 19th centuries were times of dramatic change. People challenged kings, fought for rights, and redrew Europe’s map in revolutions.

The French Revolution

In 1789, France erupted as people demanded liberty, equality, and fraternity. The monarchy fell, and Europe saw the rise of nationalism.

Industrial Revolution

Factories, trains, and new inventions transformed work and cities. Millions moved from farms to towns, changing daily life forever.

Social Movements

These revolutions inspired demands for democracy, workers’ rights, and social justice throughout Europe.

Why It Matters

The Age of Revolutions reshaped government, society, and the economy, with ripples still felt today.

Examples

  • The storming of the Bastille became a symbol of the French Revolution.

  • Steam engines powered the first trains and factories, revolutionizing travel and industry.

In a Nutshell

Revolutions in politics and industry transformed European society and governance.

Key Terms

Nationalism
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country.
Industrialization
The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.