How Do Enzymes Work?

Enzymes are special proteins that speed up chemical reactions in living things. Think of them as tiny helpers that make sure reactions happen fast enough to keep us alive.

Enzyme Action

Each enzyme fits with a specific molecule, called its substrate, like a key fits a lock. The enzyme helps turn the substrate into a product, then gets ready to do it again!

Factors Affecting Enzymes

• Temperature: Too hot or cold, and enzymes don’t work as well.
• pH: Enzymes need just the right acidity.
• Concentration: More enzymes or substrates can make reactions go faster, up to a point.

Everyday Enzymes

Our digestive system uses enzymes to break down food so we can get energy and nutrients.