AP European History

Advanced Placement European History studying European civilization from 1450 to present.

Basic Concepts

The Renaissance and Humanism

The Dawn of a New Era

The Renaissance was a vibrant period of European cultural, artistic, political, and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages. Lasting roughly from the 14th to the 17th century, it began in Italy and spread throughout Europe.

Humanism: A Shift in Thought

One of the hallmarks of the Renaissance was humanism, a philosophy that emphasized the value and agency of human beings. Humanists studied classical texts from Ancient Greece and Rome, seeking to apply reason and empirical evidence to understand the world.

Key Features

  • Revival of classical art, literature, and learning.
  • Focus on individual achievement and expression.
  • Patronage of the arts by powerful families like the Medici.

Impact on Society

Humanism led to advances in science, the arts, and education. It encouraged inquiry and skepticism, paving the way for later scientific discoveries.

Real-World Connections

The idea that education and creativity can transform society is as relevant today as it was during the Renaissance. Modern education, democracy, and the arts still draw on Renaissance values.

Examples

  • Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa and studied anatomy, blending art and science.

  • Erasmus used classical ideas to critique the Catholic Church and promote reform.

In a Nutshell

The Renaissance sparked a cultural revival and set the foundation for modern Western thought.

Key Terms

Humanism
An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements.
Patronage
Support given by wealthy individuals to artists and scholars.