Middle School Earth and Space Science

Middle School Earth and Space Science explores the dynamic systems of our planet and the universe, fostering curiosity about geology, meteorology, astronomy, and environmental science.

Basic Concepts

Weather and Climate

Understanding Weather vs. Climate

Weather refers to the day-to-day conditions of Earth's atmosphere—like rain, sunshine, or wind. Climate is the average weather in a place over a long period.

Factors Affecting Weather

  • Temperature
  • Humidity
  • Air Pressure
  • Wind

The Water Cycle

Water moves through the atmosphere, land, and oceans in a cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection.

Why Weather and Climate Matter

Knowing about weather helps us dress appropriately and stay safe. Understanding climate helps us plan for farming, building, and even traveling.

Real-World Impacts

Severe weather events, like hurricanes and droughts, can affect people, animals, and the environment.

Examples

  • A thunderstorm rolling through your town is a weather event.

  • The Sahara Desert's hot, dry conditions are its climate.

In a Nutshell

Weather is short-term changes in the atmosphere, while climate is long-term patterns.