GRE Subject Test: Math

The GRE Subject Test in Math assesses knowledge and skills in undergraduate-level mathematics, including calculus, algebra, and geometry.

Advanced Topics

Abstract Algebra

Beyond Numbers: Structures and Systems

Abstract algebra explores algebraic structures like groups, rings, and fields. Rather than focusing on numbers, it investigates the rules and relationships that govern sets and operations.

Groups

A group is a set with an operation that combines any two elements to form a third, following certain rules like associativity and the existence of an identity element.

Rings and Fields

Rings have two operations (like addition and multiplication), and fields add more structure, allowing division (except by zero).

Applications

Cryptography, coding theory, and advanced physics all rely on abstract algebra.

Dive Deeper

  • Prove that integers under addition form a group.
  • Explore how modular arithmetic is used in digital security.

Key Formula

\[a + b = b + a\]

Examples

  • Integers with addition form a group; real numbers with multiplication (excluding zero) form a group.

  • Modular arithmetic is used in creating secure passwords.

In a Nutshell

Abstract algebra studies mathematical structures and the rules that connect them.

Key Terms

Group
A set with an operation combining elements that obeys specific rules.
Field
A set with two operations, addition and multiplication, where division is possible (except by zero).