AP U.S. History

Flagship Academic - AP U.S. History (part of Advanced Placement)

Advanced Topics

Industrialization and Urbanization

The Rise of Industry

After the Civil War, the U.S. experienced a boom in industry, technology, and urban life. Railroads, steel, and oil fueled growth, and inventors like Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell changed daily life.

Big Business and Labor

Tycoons such as Rockefeller and Carnegie built enormous fortunes, but workers often faced long hours and dangerous conditions. Labor unions emerged to fight for better pay and safety.

Urban America

Cities grew rapidly, drawing immigrants and rural Americans seeking opportunity. Skyscrapers and tenements defined the urban landscape.

Impact on Society

Industrialization created wealth but also led to inequality, prompting calls for reform.

Examples

  • Formation of the American Federation of Labor

  • Growth of cities like Chicago and New York

In a Nutshell

Industrialization reshaped the U.S. economy, society, and cities—creating both progress and new problems.

Key Terms

Monopoly
Exclusive control of a market by one company.
Urbanization
The growth of cities due to population movement from rural areas.