AP Environmental Science

Advanced Placement Environmental Science examining environmental systems and human impact.

Advanced Topics

Atmospheric Pollution and Climate Change

Air Pollution

Air pollution comes from burning fossil fuels, industrial activities, and even natural sources like volcanoes. Pollutants include smog-forming chemicals, particulate matter, and greenhouse gases.

Greenhouse Effect

The greenhouse effect is a natural process where gases like carbon dioxide trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, keeping the planet warm enough for life. However, human activities are increasing greenhouse gas concentrations, intensifying this effect and causing global warming.

Climate Change Impacts

Rising temperatures lead to melting ice, rising sea levels, extreme weather, and changes in ecosystems. Solutions include reducing emissions, using renewable energy, and protecting forests.

Key Points

  • Air pollution harms health and the environment.
  • Climate change is linked to increased greenhouse gases from human activities.
  • Addressing climate change requires global cooperation.

Key Formula

\[\Delta T = \lambda \cdot RF\]

Examples

  • Factories releasing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide into the air, leading to smog and acid rain.

  • Melting glaciers and stronger hurricanes as a result of global warming.

In a Nutshell

Atmospheric pollution and greenhouse gases drive climate change, affecting the entire planet.

Key Terms

Greenhouse Gas
A gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, such as CO₂ or methane.
Global Warming
The increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to rising greenhouse gases.