Looking Closely: The Tools of Art Analysis

Formal analysis is like detective work—breaking down an artwork's visual elements to understand how it communicates. This skill helps you see what makes each piece unique.

Elements of Formal Analysis

• Line: Are the lines bold, delicate, swirling, or straight?
• Color: What colors are used? Are they bright, muted, symbolic?
• Composition: How are the shapes, figures, or objects arranged?
• Texture and Medium: What materials are used, and how do they feel or look?

Steps to Analyze

1. Observe the artwork closely.
2. Describe what you see using the elements above.
3. Consider how these choices affect mood, focus, and meaning.

Why It Matters

Mastering formal analysis helps you engage with art on a deeper level and express your ideas clearly—skills that are useful far beyond the classroom.