ACT Science

A comprehensive guide to mastering the ACT Science section, focusing on data analysis, scientific reasoning, and real-world applications.

Understanding the ACT Science SectionReading Graphs, Tables, and ChartsScientific Investigation and Experimental Design
Analyzing Conflicting ViewpointsInterpreting Scientific Trends and PredictionsScientific Models and Real-World Phenomena
Applying ACT Science Skills to Everyday LifeScience in Environmental and Social IssuesCritical Thinking for Informed Decisions
Efficient Time ManagementElimination and Educated GuessingActive Reading and Annotation
Understanding the AC...Reading Graphs, Tabl...Scientific Investiga...Analyzing Conflictin...Interpreting Scienti...Scientific Models an...Applying ACT Science...Science in Environme...Critical Thinking fo...Efficient Time Manag...Elimination and Educ...Active Reading and A...
Basic Concepts

Scientific Investigation and Experimental Design

How Scientists Ask Questions

The ACT Science section often presents experiments. Understanding how investigations are set up will help you answer questions with confidence.

Key Elements of Experiments

  • Hypothesis: The question or prediction being tested.
  • Variables: Independent (changed by the scientist) and dependent (measured).
  • Control Group: The baseline for comparison.
  • Procedure: Steps taken during the experiment.

Interpreting Experimental Setups

You may be asked about why a certain variable was changed, or what the control group is for. Think about how each part of the experiment helps answer the main question.

Common Question Types

  • Identifying variables
  • Explaining the importance of controls
  • Predicting results if conditions change

Connecting to Real Life

Every time you follow a recipe, fix a bike, or test a new app setting, you're using experimental design!

Examples

  • Explaining why a scientist uses a control group when testing a new medicine.

  • Identifying the dependent variable in an experiment about plant sunlight.

In a Nutshell

Understanding how experiments are set up is key to answering ACT Science questions and solving real problems.

Key Terms

Control group
The group in an experiment that does not receive the experimental treatment.
Independent variable
The variable that is changed to test its effects.
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Analyzing Conflicting Viewpoints