Volume of a Three-Dimensional Figure - SSAT Upper Level Quantitative (Math)

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Question

Chestnut wood has a density of about $0.45\frac{g}{cm^3}$ . A right circular cone made out of chestnut wood has a height of three meters, and a base with a radius of two meters. What is its mass in kilograms (nearest whole kilogram)?

Answer

First, convert the dimensions to cubic centimeters by multiplying by : the cone has height , and its base has radius .

$3m\frac{100cm}{1m}=300cm\ \ \2m\frac{100cm}{1m}=200cm$

Its volume is found by using the formula and the converted height and radius.

$V=\frac{1}{3} \pi r^{2}h$

$V=\frac{1}{3} \pi (200cm)^{2} ( 300cm )\approx 12,566,371 ; \textrm{cm}^{3}$

Now multiply this by $0.45\frac{g}{cm^3}$ to get the mass.

$m=V\rho$

$12,566,371cm^30.45\frac{g}{cm^3} \approx 5,654,867g$

Finally, convert the answer to kilograms.

$5654867g *\frac{1kg}{1,000g} \approx 5,655kg$

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Question

A cone has the height of 4 meters and the circular base area of 4 square meters. If we want to fill out the cone with water (density = $1000\frac{Kg}{m^3}$ ), what is the mass of required water (nearest whole kilogram)?

Answer

The volume of a cone is:

$Volume=\frac{1}{3}\pi r^2h$

where is the radius of the circular base, and is the height (the perpendicular distance from the base to the vertex).

As the circular base area is $\pi r^2$ , so we can rewrite the volume formula as follows:

$Volume =\frac{A\times h}{3}$

where is the circular base area and known in this problem. So we can write:

$Volume =\frac{A\times h}{3}=\frac{4\times 4}{3}=\frac{16}{3}\approx 5.333 m^3$

We know that density is defined as mass per unit volume or:

$\rho =\frac{m}{v}$

Where $\rho$ is the density; is the mass and is the volume. So we get:

$m=\rho v=1000\times 5.333=5333 Kg$

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Question

The vertical height (or altitude) of a right cone is . The radius of the circular base of the cone is . Find the volume of the cone in terms of .

Answer

The volume of a cone is:

$Volume=\frac{1}3{}\pi r^2h$

where is the radius of the circular base, and is the height (the perpendicular distance from the base to the vertex).

$Volume=\frac{1}3{}\pi r^2h =\frac{1}3{}\pi t^2\times 2t=\frac{2}{3}\pi t^3$

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Question

A right cone has a volume of $8\pi$ , a height of and a radius of the circular base of . Find .

Answer

The volume of a cone is given by:

$Volume=\frac{1}{3}\pi r^2h$

where is the radius of the circular base, and is the height; the perpendicular distance from the base to the vertex. Substitute the known values in the formula:

$Volume=\frac{1}{3}\pi r^2h\Rightarrow 8\pi=\frac{1}{3}\pi\times (2t)^2\times 3t$

$\Rightarrow 8\pi=4\pi t^3\Rightarrow t^3=2\Rightarrow t=\sqrt[3]{2}$

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Question

A cone has a radius of inches and a height of inches. Find the volume of the cone.

Answer

The volume of a cone is given by the formula:

$\text{Volume}=\frac{1}{3}\pi r^2h$

Now, plug in the values of the radius and height to find the volume of the given cone.

$\text{Volume}=\frac{1}{3}\pi\times3^2\times12=\frac{1}{3}\pi\times9\times12=\frac{108}{3}\pi=36\pi:in^3$

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Question

A cone has a diameter of and a height of . In cubic meters, what is the volume of this cone?

Answer

First, divide the diameter in half to find the radius.

$\frac{d}{2}=r$

$\frac{12}{2}=6:m$

Now, use the formula to find the volume of the cone.

$\text{Volume}=\frac{1}{3}\pi r^2 h$

$\text{Volume}=\frac{1}{3}\pi \times 6^2\times4=\frac{1}{3}\pi \times 36\times4=\frac{144}{3}\pi=48\pi:m^3$

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Question

A cube has six square faces, each with area 64 square inches. Using the conversion factor 1 inch = 2.5 centimeters, give the volume of this cube in cubic centimeters, rounding to the nearest whole number.

Answer

The volume of a cube is the cube of its sidelength, which is also the sidelength of each square face. This sidelength is the square root of the area 64:

$\sqrt{64}=8$ inches.

Multiply this by 2.5 to get the sidelength in centimeters:

$\times 2.5$ centimeters.

The cube of this is

$20^{3}$ cubic centimeters

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Question

A cube has a side length of 5 inches. Give the volume and surface area of the cube.

Answer

A cube has all edges the same length. The volume of a cube is found by multiplying the length of any edge by itself twice. As a formula:

where is the length of any edge of the cube.

The Surface Area of a cube can be calculated as .

So we get:

Volume

Surface area $=6s^2=6\times 5^2=6\times 25=150 in^2$

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Question

A cheese seller has a 2 foot x 2 foot x 2 foot block of gouda and she wants to cut it into smaller gouda cubes that are 1.5 inches on a side. How many cubes can she cut?

Answer

First we need to determine how many of the small cubes of gouda would fit along one dimension of the large cheese block. One edge of the large block is 24 inches, so 16 smaller cubes $(24\div 1.5)$ would fit along the edge. Now we simply cube this one dimension to see how many cubes fit within the whole cube. $16^{3}=4096$ .

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Question

Give the volume of a cube with surface area .

Answer

Let be the length of one edge of the cube. Since its surface area is , one face has one-sixth of this area, or $\frac{N}{6}$ . Therefore,

$s^{2} = \frac{N}{6}$ ,

and

$s =\sqrt{ \frac{N}{6}}= \frac{ \sqrt{ N}}{\sqrt{ 6}}= \frac{ \sqrt{ 6N}}{6}$

Cube this sidelength to get the volume:

$s ^{3}= \left ( \frac{ \sqrt{ 6N}}{6} \right )^{3} = \frac{\left ( \sqrt{ 6N} \right )^{3}}{6^{3}}= \frac{ 6N\sqrt{ 6N} }{216}= \frac{N\sqrt{ 6N} }{36}$

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Question

The distance from one vertex of a cube to its opposite vertex is . Give the volume of the cube.

Answer

Let be the length of one edge of the cube. By the three-dimensional extension of the Pythagorean Theorem,

$s^{2}+s^{2}+s^{2}=N^{2}$

$3s^{2}=N^{2}$

$s^{2}=\frac{N^{2}}{3}$

$s =\sqrt{\frac{N^{2}}{3}} = \frac{N}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{N\sqrt{3}}{3}$

Cube this sidelength to get the volume:

$s^{3} = \left ( \frac{N\sqrt{3}}{3} \right )^{3} = \frac{N^{3} \left ( \sqrt{3}\right ) ^{3} }{3^{3} } = \frac{N^{3} \left (3 \sqrt{3}\right ) }{27 }= \frac{N^{3} \sqrt{3} }{9 }$

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Question

The length of a diagonal of one face of a cube is 10. Give the volume of the cube.

Answer

Since a diagonal of a square face of the cube is 10, each side of each square has length $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ times this, or $10 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = 5\sqrt{2}$ .

Cube this to get the volume of the cube:

$\left (5\sqrt{2} \right )^{3}= 5^{3} \left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^{3} = 125 \left (2 \sqrt{2} \right ) = 250 \sqrt{2}$ .

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Question

The distance from one vertex of a cube to its opposite vertex is one foot. Give the volume of the cube in inches.

Answer

Since we are looking at inches, we will look at one foot as twelve inches.

Let be the length of one edge of the cube. By the three-dimensional extension of the Pythagorean Theorem,

$s^{2}+s^{2}+s^{2}=12^{2}$

$3s^{2}=144$

$s^{2}=48$

$s= \sqrt{48} = \sqrt{16} \cdot \sqrt{3} = 4\sqrt{3}$ inches.

Cube this sidelength to get the volume:

$s^{3}= \left ( 4\sqrt{3} \right )^{3} = 4^{3} \cdot \left ( \sqrt{3} \right ) ^{3} = 64 \cdot 3 \sqrt{3}= 192 \sqrt{3}$ cubic inches.

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Question

An aquarium is shaped like a perfect cube; the area of each glass face is 1.44 square meters. If it is filled to the recommended 90% capacity, then, to the nearest hundred liters, how much water will it contain?

Note: 1 cubic meter = 1,000 liters.

Answer

A perfect cube has square faces; if a face has area 1.44 square meters, then each side of each face measures the square root of this, or 1.2 meters. The volume of the tank is the cube of this, or

$1.2^{3} = 1.728$ cubic meters.

Its capacity in liters is $1.728 \times 1,000 = 1,728$ liters.

90% of this is

$1,728 \times 0.9 = 1,555.2$ liters.

This rounds to 1,600 liters, the correct response.

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Question

The distance from one vertex of a perfectly cubic aquarium to its opposite vertex is meters. Give the volume of the aquarium in liters.

cubic meter = liters.

Answer

Let be the length of one edge of the cube. By the three-dimensional extension of the Pythagorean Theorem,

$s^{2}+s^{2}+s^{2}=4.5^{2}$

$3s^{2}=20.25$

$s^{2} =6.75 = \frac{27}{4}$

$s = \sqrt{\frac{27}{4}} = \frac{\sqrt{27}}{\sqrt{4}}} = \frac{ \sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2}= \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}$ meters.

Cube this sidelength to get the volume:

$s ^{3 } =\left ( \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2} \right )^{3 }= \frac{3^{3 } \left (\sqrt{3}\right )^{3 }}{2^{3 } } = \frac{ 27 \cdot 3\sqrt{3} }{8 } = \frac{ 81 \sqrt{3} }{8 }$ cubic meters.

To convert this to liters, multiply by 1,000:

$\frac{ 81\sqrt{3} }{8 } \cdot 1,000 = \frac{81\sqrt{3} }{8 } \cdot \frac{1,000}{1} = \frac{ 81\sqrt{3} }{1 } \cdot \frac{125}{1}= 10,125\sqrt{3}$ liters.

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Question

Give the volume of a cube with surface area 3 square meters.

Answer

Let be the length of one edge of the cube. Since its surface area is 3 square meters, one face has one-sixth of this area, or $\frac{3}{6} = \frac{1}{2}$ square meters. Therefore, $s^{2} = \frac{1}{2}$ , and $s = \sqrt{ \frac{1}{2}} = \frac{\sqrt{1}}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1 \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}\cdot \sqrt{2}}= \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ meters.

The choices are in centimeters, so multiply this by 100 - the sidelength is

$\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot 100 = 50 \sqrt{2}$ centimeters.

The volume is the cube of this, or $V= \left ( 50 \sqrt{2} \right )^{3}= 50^{3} \cdot \left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^{3}= 125,000 \cdot 2 \sqrt{2}= 250,000\sqrt{2}$ cubic centimeters.

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Question

The length of a diagonal of a cube is $15\sqrt{2}$ . Give the volume of the cube.

Answer

Let be the length of one edge of the cube. By the three-dimensional extension of the Pythagorean Theorem,

$s^{2}+s^{2}+s^{2}= (15 \sqrt{2})^{2}$

$3s^{2}=15 ^{2}\cdot \left ( \sqrt{2} \right )^{2}$

$3s^{2}=225 \cdot 2 = 450$

$s^{2} = 150$

$s = \sqrt{150 } = \sqrt{25} \cdot \sqrt{6} = 5\sqrt{6}$

Cube the sidelength to get the volume:

$s ^{3 }= \left ( 5\sqrt{6} \right )^{3 }$

$s ^{3 }= 5^{3 } \left (\sqrt{6} \right )^{3 } = 125 \cdot 6 \sqrt{6} = 750 \sqrt{6}$

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Question

The length of a diagonal of one face of a cube is $16\sqrt{2}$ . Give the volume of the cube.

Answer

A diagonal of a square has length $\sqrt{2}$ times that of a side, so each side of each square face of the cube has length $16 \sqrt{2} \div \sqrt{2}= 16$ . Cube this to get the volume:

$16^{3} = 4,096$

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Question

Find the volume of a cube with a side length of .

Answer

Write the formula for the volume of a cube.

$V=a^3=(20)^3=8\textup{,}000$

The correct answer is $8\textup{,}000$ .

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Question

The height of a cylinder is 3 inches and the radius of the circular end of the cylinder is 3 inches. Give the volume and surface area of the cylinder.

Answer

The volume of a cylinder is found by multiplying the area of one end of the cylinder (base) by its height or:

$Volume=\pi r^2h$

where is the radius of the circular end of the cylinder and is the height of the cylinder. So we can write:

$Volume=\pi r^2h=\pi \times 3^2\times 3=84.82in^3$

The surface area of the cylinder is given by:

$A=2\pi r^2+2\pi rh$

where is the surface area of the cylinder, is the radius of the cylinder and is the height of the cylinder. So we can write:

$A=2\pi r^2+2\pi rh$

$A=2\pi (3)^2+2\pi \times 3\times 3$

$A=18\pi+18\pi$

$A=36\pi$

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