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The First Crusade was initiated by __________.
The First Crusade was initiated by Pope Urban II in 1095 with the original aim of assisting the Byzantine Empire in defending itself against the invading Turkish forces; however, the mission quickly expanded to include liberating the Holy City of Jerusalem from under Muslim control. Jerusalem was “liberated” in 1099, but this incident would mark several hundred years of competition between the Christian forces of Europe and the Islamic forces of the Near East that are collectively called “the Crusades.”
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Which of these Popes is best remembered for initiating the First Crusade?
The First Crusades were initiated by Pope Urban II in 1095 with the primary goal of retaking the Holy Land and Jerusalem from the "infidels."
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What was the primary goal of the Crusades?
The Crusades is the name given to a series of conflicts between Christian Europe and the Islamic Empire of the Near Middle East between the eleventh and fourteenth Centuries. The primary goal of the Crusades was to retake the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land of Palestine from the "infidels." It had varying degrees of success.
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The armies of the First Crusade were made up primarily of __________ soldiers.
The armies of the First Crusade was made up primarily of young French soldiers and nobles.
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In what way did the Crusades primarily contribute to the growing wealth of Italian city states like Venice and Florence?
The First Crusade was able to successfully take Jerusalem and a few other isolated areas of the Holy Land, but the people who remained there were alone in a large area surrounded by hostile Arab enemies. They required constant resupplying from the trading ships of the Italian city-states, who subsequently grew immensely wealthy from the trading relationship.
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The Third Crusade began when the forces of __________ conquered Jerusalem.
The Holy Land and Jerusalem, captured in the First Crusade, were conquered by the Islamic forces of Saladin in 1187 CE. This led directly to the Third Crusade, waged from 1189 to 1192 CE, which did not result in the European forces retaking Jerusalem; however, it did lead Saladin to open the city of Jerusalem to protected Christian pilgrimage.
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