Mythologies - SAT Subject Test in World History

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Question

The European city reputed to be founded by twins in 753 BCE is

Answer

According to Roman legend, the city of Rome was founded by twins Romulus and Remus in 753 BCE. This date would become extremely important as Rome established an empire over the entire Mediterranean, as they dated their years from this event, using the phrase "Ab Urbe Condita," or "from the founding of the city." This form of dating was the preferred usage in Europe until Christianity became dominant in the fifth century.

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Question

Achilles is a hero in ancient __________ mythology.

Answer

The story of Achilles, told famously in Homer's Odyssey and The Iliad, tells the tale of the Greek invasion of Troy and recounts the heroics of the Ancient Greek mythological hero.

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Question

What is the Roman name for the god the Greeks called Zeus?

Answer

The Roman pantheon of gods was very similar to the Greek pantheon of gods. The Roman equivalent of Zeus, the head god in the Greek religion, was Jupiter.

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Question

In Roman mythology, the two boys Romulus and Remus are __________.

Answer

According to mythology, Romulus and Remus are two brothers who are raised by wolves in the wild. When they return to human society, they compete to found a city, and in the protracted disagreement, Romulus kills Remus and founds the city of Rome.

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Question

The famous ancient Greek epics, The Odyssey and The Iliad are attributed to __________.

Answer

The two famous pieces of ancient Greek literature, The Odyssey and The Iliad, are a part of an oral tradition attributed to Homer.

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Question

The Roman pantheon of gods was based on the Greek pantheon of gods. Which of these Roman gods is incorrectly paired with the Greek equivalent?

Answer

As the question explains the Roman pantheon of Gods was based off of the Greek pantheon, but with different names. The head of the gods in Greece is Zeus, but in Roman religious practice his name is Jupiter. The only one of these which is incorrectly matched is Mercury and Athena. Mercury is the Roman equivalent of the Greek god of messengers called Hermes and Athena is the Greek version of the Roman god Minerva.

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Question

According to Ancient Greek mythology the twelve chief gods live atop __________.

Answer

In Ancient Greek mythology the twelve primary gods and godesses live atop Mount Olympus. Mount Olympus is the highest mountain in Greece and so a logical choice for a home for Gods in a religion where the gods routinely come down and intefere in the lives of humans.

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