Avogadro's Number - SAT Subject Test in Chemistry
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How many nitrate ions are in one mole of 
?
How many nitrate ions are in one mole of
Note that there are two nitrate (
) ions for every formula unit of calcium nitrate. This means that in one mole of calcium nitrate, there are two moles of nitrate ions. To go from moles to ions, multiply 2 by Avogadro's number.
Note that there are two nitrate (
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How many hydrogen atoms are in one mole of 
?
How many hydrogen atoms are in one mole of
In one molecule of 
, there are 2 ammonium ions, each of which has 4 hydrogen atoms for a total of 8 hydrogen atoms. Thus, to find the number of hydrogen atoms in one mole of 
, one must multiply Avogadro's number by 8.
In one molecule of
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Calculate the number of aluminum ions in 
moles of 
.
Calculate the number of aluminum ions in 
In order calculate the number of aluminum ions, we must first find the number of aluminum ions in the entire compound. In this case, there are two molecules of 
for every molecule of 
. After understanding this, we can use Avogadro's constant to determine the number of atoms (more specifically ions) of aluminum. See equation below for specific calculations.
In order calculate the number of aluminum ions, we must first find the number of aluminum ions in the entire compound. In this case, there are two molecules of 
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How many atoms of chloride are in 0.2550 g of aluminum chloride, 
?
How many atoms of chloride are in 0.2550 g of aluminum chloride, 
The formula for aluminum chloride is 
. The molar mass of 
is 26.98 g and the molar mass of 
is 35.45 g. There are three 
atoms in 
. To calculate the molecular mass of 
, we need to find the sum of the mass of one aluminum atom and three chlorine atoms:
The total molecular weight is 130.33 g. Starting with the grams of 
, we convert to the amount of moles 
using the molecular weight value we just calculated. Then we calculate the number of moles of chloride ion in 
. using the 3:1 ratio. Finally, we calculate the number of atoms by using Avogadro's number. See calculations below:
The formula for aluminum chloride is 
The total molecular weight is 130.33 g. Starting with the grams of 
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