Macromolecules - SAT Subject Test in Biology
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Carbohydrates represent important macromolecules in the biochemical pathways of many organisms.
Which of the following is/are monosaccharide(s)?
I. Glucose
II. Fructose
III. Maltose
Carbohydrates represent important macromolecules in the biochemical pathways of many organisms.
Which of the following is/are monosaccharide(s)?
I. Glucose
II. Fructose
III. Maltose
Glucose and fructose are monomeric saccharides, or monosaccharides. The carbon to hydrogen to oxygen 
ratio exists in a 1:2:1 pattern indicative of a monomeric saccharide. The molecular formula of glucose and fructose is 
. Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose.
Glucose and fructose are monomeric saccharides, or monosaccharides. The carbon to hydrogen to oxygen
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Disaccharides, such as maltose, are produced when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis reaction.
Which of the following formulas represents a disaccharide?
Disaccharides, such as maltose, are produced when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis reaction.
Which of the following formulas represents a disaccharide?
The disaccharide maltose is formed by the dehydration synthesis reaction of two glucose monomers. When simply adding the two glucose monomers together, it may be thought that the summation of the two 
will be the chemical formula of maltose. However, this does not account for the dehydration synthesis reaction in which one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms disappear. After accounting for these molecules the chemical formula for maltose will be represented by 
.
The disaccharide maltose is formed by the dehydration synthesis reaction of two glucose monomers. When simply adding the two glucose monomers together, it may be thought that the summation of the two
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Polysaccharides are considered sugar moieties that include 3 or more monomeric saccharides together.
Which of the following is/are polysaccharide(s)?
I. Glycogen
II. Starch
III. Cellulose
Polysaccharides are considered sugar moieties that include 3 or more monomeric saccharides together.
Which of the following is/are polysaccharide(s)?
I. Glycogen
II. Starch
III. Cellulose
Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are all polysaccharides composed of many glucose monomers linked together.
Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are all polysaccharides composed of many glucose monomers linked together.
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Animals and plants store glucose in saccharide polymers.
Which of the following is the polymer form of storage in plants and animals, respectively?
Animals and plants store glucose in saccharide polymers.
Which of the following is the polymer form of storage in plants and animals, respectively?
The sugar polymer form in which plants store energy is starch, whereas with animals, it is glycogen. While the other answers may in fact be sugar molecules involved in energy metabolism, they do not represent the primary sugar polymer storage molecule. Therefore the correct form of storage for plants is starch. And the correct form of storage for animals is glycogen.
The sugar polymer form in which plants store energy is starch, whereas with animals, it is glycogen. While the other answers may in fact be sugar molecules involved in energy metabolism, they do not represent the primary sugar polymer storage molecule. Therefore the correct form of storage for plants is starch. And the correct form of storage for animals is glycogen.
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In which of the following molecular forms do animals store energy?
In which of the following molecular forms do animals store energy?
Both lipids (fat) and glycogen (made up of glucose molecules) store energy in animals. Lipids are used for long-term energy storage while glycogen, found in the liver and muscles, is used for short-term energy storage. Peptidoglycan is the molecule that makes up the bacterial cell walls.
Both lipids (fat) and glycogen (made up of glucose molecules) store energy in animals. Lipids are used for long-term energy storage while glycogen, found in the liver and muscles, is used for short-term energy storage. Peptidoglycan is the molecule that makes up the bacterial cell walls.
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Phospholipids are an essential component of the phospholipid bilayer necessary to the cell.
Which of the following correctly represents a phospholipid subunit with the corresponding polarity?
Phospholipids are an essential component of the phospholipid bilayer necessary to the cell.
Which of the following correctly represents a phospholipid subunit with the corresponding polarity?
A phospholipid generally consists of a phosphate head (polar) and a fatty acid tail (non-polar).
A phospholipid generally consists of a phosphate head (polar) and a fatty acid tail (non-polar).
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The phospholipid bilayer is critically important to the separation of the internal and external environment of the cell.
What drives the formation of the phospholipid bilayer?
The phospholipid bilayer is critically important to the separation of the internal and external environment of the cell.
What drives the formation of the phospholipid bilayer?
The external hydrophilic environment attracts polar hydrophilic phosphate head groups to the exterior, while allowing non-polar hydrophobic fatty acids to remain shielded in the interior of what becomes the phospholipid bilayer.
The external hydrophilic environment attracts polar hydrophilic phosphate head groups to the exterior, while allowing non-polar hydrophobic fatty acids to remain shielded in the interior of what becomes the phospholipid bilayer.
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Lipids are made up of hydrocarbons linked to each other.
A hydrocarbon involves an atom of carbon with how many hydrogen atoms bonded to it?
Lipids are made up of hydrocarbons linked to each other.
A hydrocarbon involves an atom of carbon with how many hydrogen atoms bonded to it?
A hydrocarbon is made up of a carbon and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.
A hydrocarbon is made up of a carbon and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.
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Which organic compound serves as stored energy for living things?
Which organic compound serves as stored energy for living things?
Lipids make up the bulk of fat in animal tissues and thus stores energy.
Lipids make up the bulk of fat in animal tissues and thus stores energy.
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Plants often have a waxy covering on the outside of their leaves to prevent water loss. This waxy covering probably contains mostly which organic compound?
Plants often have a waxy covering on the outside of their leaves to prevent water loss. This waxy covering probably contains mostly which organic compound?
Major lipid groups include fats, steroids, and waxes. Because the question references a "waxy covering," we know that the plant covering must be composed of lipids.
Major lipid groups include fats, steroids, and waxes. Because the question references a "waxy covering," we know that the plant covering must be composed of lipids.
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Which of the following macromolecules are composed of long chains of amino acids?
Which of the following macromolecules are composed of long chains of amino acids?
By process of elimination, lipids and fats cannot be the correct answer-they are synonymous (lipids are also known as fats). Carbohydrates, eg sugars and starches are composed only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Nucleic acids contribute to DNA and RNA structure and function. The correct answer is proteins, made of long chains of amino acids-amino acids are sometimes called the "building blocks" of proteins.
By process of elimination, lipids and fats cannot be the correct answer-they are synonymous (lipids are also known as fats). Carbohydrates, eg sugars and starches are composed only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Nucleic acids contribute to DNA and RNA structure and function. The correct answer is proteins, made of long chains of amino acids-amino acids are sometimes called the "building blocks" of proteins.
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Which of the following is not involved in DNA synthesis?
Which of the following is not involved in DNA synthesis?
Uracil is a base utilized in RNA synthesis, whereas adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine are utilized in DNA synthesis.
Uracil is a base utilized in RNA synthesis, whereas adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine are utilized in DNA synthesis.
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Nucleic acids carry the information of what your cells will do. An example of a nucleic acid would be which of the following?
Nucleic acids carry the information of what your cells will do. An example of a nucleic acid would be which of the following?
Examples of nucleic acids include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Because DNA is not an answer choice, we know that the correct answer in this problem must be RNA. Cellulose is a carbohydrate, asparagine is an amino acid, and carbon is an element.
Examples of nucleic acids include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Because DNA is not an answer choice, we know that the correct answer in this problem must be RNA. Cellulose is a carbohydrate, asparagine is an amino acid, and carbon is an element.
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Asparagine is an example of an amino acid. If you put asparagine and other amino acids together in a chain, you would get what organic compound?
Asparagine is an example of an amino acid. If you put asparagine and other amino acids together in a chain, you would get what organic compound?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, so when they are put together in a chain, you will get a protein.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, so when they are put together in a chain, you will get a protein.
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Which of the following macromolecules is made up of amino acids?
Which of the following macromolecules is made up of amino acids?
A macromolecule made of amino acids is a protein. Lactase, the enzyme that aids in lactose digestion, is the only protein on the list. Sucrose and glucose are carbohydrates. Deoxyribonucleic acid is DNA, a nucleic acid. Triglycerides are a type of lipid.
Note: You can identify an enzyme (which is a protein) by the fact that its name ends in "-ase."
A macromolecule made of amino acids is a protein. Lactase, the enzyme that aids in lactose digestion, is the only protein on the list. Sucrose and glucose are carbohydrates. Deoxyribonucleic acid is DNA, a nucleic acid. Triglycerides are a type of lipid.
Note: You can identify an enzyme (which is a protein) by the fact that its name ends in "-ase."
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