Help with Other Carbonyl Products - Organic Chemistry
Card 0 of 3
When butanoic acid undergoes the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky (HVZ) reaction, the final product is __________.
When butanoic acid undergoes the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky (HVZ) reaction, the final product is __________.
In the HVZ reaction of a carboxylic acid, a bromine is added to the alpha carbon. Phosphorus catalyzes the reaction and allows for the formation of an acyl halide. Acyl halides readily undergo enol-ketone tautomerization. The enol form uses electrons from the carbon-carbon double bond to bond to the bromine. In water, the two bromine molecules convert back to a carboxylic acid with one bromine on the alpha carbon.
In the HVZ reaction of a carboxylic acid, a bromine is added to the alpha carbon. Phosphorus catalyzes the reaction and allows for the formation of an acyl halide. Acyl halides readily undergo enol-ketone tautomerization. The enol form uses electrons from the carbon-carbon double bond to bond to the bromine. In water, the two bromine molecules convert back to a carboxylic acid with one bromine on the alpha carbon.
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What is the product of the given reaction?
What is the product of the given reaction?
This question tests knowledge on carboxylic acid derivatives and the formation of the carboxylic acid derivatives. 
, or thionyl chloride, reacts with a carboxylic acid to form an acid chloride. The choice that replaces the 
with a 
. The reaction also expels 
.
This question tests knowledge on carboxylic acid derivatives and the formation of the carboxylic acid derivatives.
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Which combination of starting material and reagent will produce the product shown?
Which combination of starting material and reagent will produce the product shown?
5-hydroxyvaleric acid (5-hydroxypentanoic acid) is a five-carbon carboxylic acid alcohol and will produce the required lactone. This reaction is typically acid-catalyzed. Pentanedioic acid (glutaric acid) is a linear dicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid only has four carbons and will not produce the desired product without being modified.
5-hydroxyvaleric acid (5-hydroxypentanoic acid) is a five-carbon carboxylic acid alcohol and will produce the required lactone. This reaction is typically acid-catalyzed. Pentanedioic acid (glutaric acid) is a linear dicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid only has four carbons and will not produce the desired product without being modified.
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