Which of the following substrates would have the fastest reaction rate for an SN1 mechanism?

Which of the following determines the general rate of an reaction?

What is the final product of the pictured reaction?

1.

2.

3.

Which of the following is not true for an SN1 reaction?

A student carried out a substitution reaction in the lab using ethanol as a solvent. The student began with an optically pure reactant (100% (R)-configuration) and finished with a racemic mixture of products (50% (R)-configuration, 50% (S)-configuration).

The reaction went through which of the following mechanisms?