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The public’s perception of archaeologists has, for years, been colored by depictions of the profession in movie franchises like Indiana Jones, Tomb Raider, and The Mummy. However popular these movies are, they– like movies that depict any other profession – don’t necessarily reflect what archaeologists actually do. While fighting supernatural forces and foiling nefarious plans does make for a better movie, the primary work of archaeology is in research and preservation
The traditional view of archaeologists usually involves a college professor who spends much of his or her time digging and researching in ancient foreign libraries or a museum curator who works every day to preserve the artifacts the museum holds. While this view isn’t completely incorrect, it is incomplete, both in terms of the types of jobs available to archaeologists and in terms of the types of work within those jobs. For example, college professors may spend summers at dig sites, but much of their time is also spent writing grants, teaching students, and writing about their research projects. Additionally, although there are still many people who work in archaeology as professors and museum curators, the demand for these job far outstrips the number of positions available, making the positions difficult to acquire.
\[1\] The job of CRM archaeologists is to identify the potential cultural significance of a site and then document and preserve any artifacts of historical or cultural significance. \[2\] The surplus of people who want to work in archaeology has meant that the majority of archaeologists aren’t employed by universities or museums, but by construction companies and the government. 1 \[3\] Most archaeology positions in today’s economy are for what are referred to as a “cultural resource management” archaeologists, or CRM archaeologists, who are often involved in building projects as representatives of the state, Native American tribes, and historical societies. \[4\] While part of this analysis might involve starting a dig at the site in question to find relevant artifacts, much of this research process requires CRM archaeologists to consult historical records and talk to members of the community where the building process has been proposed.
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Should the author make this addition here?
The public’s perception of archaeologists has, for years, been colored by depictions of the profession in movie franchises like Indiana Jones, Tomb Raider, and The Mummy. However popular these movies are, they– like movies that depict any other profession – don’t necessarily reflect what archaeologists actually do. While fighting supernatural forces and foiling nefarious plans does make for a better movie, the primary work of archaeology is in research and preservation
The traditional view of archaeologists usually involves a college professor who spends much of his or her time digging and researching in ancient foreign libraries or a museum curator who works every day to preserve the artifacts the museum holds. While this view isn’t completely incorrect, it is incomplete, both in terms of the types of jobs available to archaeologists and in terms of the types of work within those jobs. For example, college professors may spend summers at dig sites, but much of their time is also spent writing grants, teaching students, and writing about their research projects. Additionally, although there are still many people who work in archaeology as professors and museum curators, the demand for these job far outstrips the number of positions available, making the positions difficult to acquire.
\[1\] The job of CRM archaeologists is to identify the potential cultural significance of a site and then document and preserve any artifacts of historical or cultural significance. \[2\] The surplus of people who want to work in archaeology has meant that the majority of archaeologists aren’t employed by universities or museums, but by construction companies and the government. 1 \[3\] Most archaeology positions in today’s economy are for what are referred to as a “cultural resource management” archaeologists, or CRM archaeologists, who are often involved in building projects as representatives of the state, Native American tribes, and historical societies. \[4\] While part of this analysis might involve starting a dig at the site in question to find relevant artifacts, much of this research process requires CRM archaeologists to consult historical records and talk to members of the community where the building process has been proposed.
At this point, the author is considering inserting the following graph.
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is useful to treat it like you would any other question that asks you whether you should add information. Look at the reasoning behind each answer choice (what follows the "yes" or the "no") and eliminate based on that before you make the decision about whether or not the graph should be included. This often simplifies your choice immensely. "Yes, because it gives data to support a claim made in the passage." reasoning is valid since the claim it supports in the passage is that most archaeologists work for the government or for construction companies rather than for universities. "Yes, because it supports the claim that archaeology is important in local government decisions." can be eliminated because even though the graph shows that almost 20% of archaeologists work in local government it does not show their impact on policy decisions. "No, because it adds information not directly related to the role of archaeologists." can also be eliminated because the graph does offer information about the different roles archaeologists can have. And while "No, because it does not give information on the number of archaeology positions available." reasoning is correct, the passage itself isn't concerned with the total number of roles at this point in the passage, but rather is concerned with how those roles are distributed. "Yes, because it gives data to support a claim made in the passage." is correct.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is useful to treat it like you would any other question that asks you whether you should add information. Look at the reasoning behind each answer choice (what follows the "yes" or the "no") and eliminate based on that before you make the decision about whether or not the graph should be included. This often simplifies your choice immensely. "Yes, because it gives data to support a claim made in the passage." reasoning is valid since the claim it supports in the passage is that most archaeologists work for the government or for construction companies rather than for universities. "Yes, because it supports the claim that archaeology is important in local government decisions." can be eliminated because even though the graph shows that almost 20% of archaeologists work in local government it does not show their impact on policy decisions. "No, because it adds information not directly related to the role of archaeologists." can also be eliminated because the graph does offer information about the different roles archaeologists can have. And while "No, because it does not give information on the number of archaeology positions available." reasoning is correct, the passage itself isn't concerned with the total number of roles at this point in the passage, but rather is concerned with how those roles are distributed. "Yes, because it gives data to support a claim made in the passage." is correct.
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Global warming has affected so many cities across the globe. Between hurricanes, forest fires, rising sea levels, and recorded hot temperatures consistently rising, climate change has become hard to ignore. NASA scientists have observed how the sea levels have steadily increased by measuring the coastal tide gauges. Over the past 100 years, sea levels have risen dramatically, causing coastal erosion.
At this point, the author is considering inserting the following graph:
Graph Source: https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/climate-change-in-ten-graphs
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Global warming has affected so many cities across the globe. Between hurricanes, forest fires, rising sea levels, and recorded hot temperatures consistently rising, climate change has become hard to ignore. NASA scientists have observed how the sea levels have steadily increased by measuring the coastal tide gauges. Over the past 100 years, sea levels have risen dramatically, causing coastal erosion.
At this point, the author is considering inserting the following graph:
Graph Source: https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/climate-change-in-ten-graphs
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses how climate change is affecting the rising sea levels. The graph shows information on the rising sea levels, therefore the option, “it supports the claim that climate change is caused by rising temperatures in our atmosphere,” would be incorrect. The graph accurately supports a claim made in the passage, and therefore should be added to the passage, eliminating the “no” options. “Yes, because it gives data to support a claim that sea levels are rising.” is correct.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses how climate change is affecting the rising sea levels. The graph shows information on the rising sea levels, therefore the option, “it supports the claim that climate change is caused by rising temperatures in our atmosphere,” would be incorrect. The graph accurately supports a claim made in the passage, and therefore should be added to the passage, eliminating the “no” options. “Yes, because it gives data to support a claim that sea levels are rising.” is correct.
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The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others affects how an individual responds in an emergency situation. Typically, in large crowds, if there is an emergency, many people assume another person will take responsibility and deal with the situation. Several studies found that people were more likely to take action in a crisis when there were only a few people around than when in larger crowds. Social psychologists Bibb Latané and John Darley introduced the concept of the bystander effect following an infamous incident in New York City in 1964 when a young woman was injured outside of her apartment, and dozens of neighbors failed to step in and help, leading to the woman passing away. Many neighbors heard her pleas for help, but none assumed responsibility to assist. The two factors that can be attributed to the bystander effect are diffusion of responsibility and social influence. Diffusion of responsibility is when the more onlookers are present, the less personal responsibility the individual onlookers assume, therefore, failing to take action. Social influence is when individuals monitor the behavior of those around them to figure out how to react.
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The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others affects how an individual responds in an emergency situation. Typically, in large crowds, if there is an emergency, many people assume another person will take responsibility and deal with the situation. Several studies found that people were more likely to take action in a crisis when there were only a few people around than when in larger crowds. Social psychologists Bibb Latané and John Darley introduced the concept of the bystander effect following an infamous incident in New York City in 1964 when a young woman was injured outside of her apartment, and dozens of neighbors failed to step in and help, leading to the woman passing away. Many neighbors heard her pleas for help, but none assumed responsibility to assist. The two factors that can be attributed to the bystander effect are diffusion of responsibility and social influence. Diffusion of responsibility is when the more onlookers are present, the less personal responsibility the individual onlookers assume, therefore, failing to take action. Social influence is when individuals monitor the behavior of those around them to figure out how to react.
At this point the author is considering adding the following graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the bystander effect but never directly provides any specific percentages or numbers, therefore we would not want to add a graph at this point in the passage. The data provided in the graph is not mentioned at this point in the passage, so the responses of “yes” will be incorrect. The graph does provide information on the bystander effect, so the response, “No because it does not give information on the bystander effect,” will be incorrect, leaving the final response as the best answer.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the bystander effect but never directly provides any specific percentages or numbers, therefore we would not want to add a graph at this point in the passage. The data provided in the graph is not mentioned at this point in the passage, so the responses of “yes” will be incorrect. The graph does provide information on the bystander effect, so the response, “No because it does not give information on the bystander effect,” will be incorrect, leaving the final response as the best answer.
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The Baroque period derived its name from the Italian word barocco, which was used by philosophers used to describe an obstacle in logic. The word later came to describe anything that was an irregular idea or thought, coming to mean anything out of the ordinary or bizarre in the art style of the middle ages in Europe. The term had a grotesque connotation up until the late 19th century. The term eventually came to refer to the style of art, rather than a negative term that was originally associated with the word.
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Should the author make this addition here?
The Baroque period derived its name from the Italian word barocco, which was used by philosophers used to describe an obstacle in logic. The word later came to describe anything that was an irregular idea or thought, coming to mean anything out of the ordinary or bizarre in the art style of the middle ages in Europe. The term had a grotesque connotation up until the late 19th century. The term eventually came to refer to the style of art, rather than a negative term that was originally associated with the word.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the baroque period of art history but never directly provides any specific percentages or numbers, therefore we would not want to add a graph at this point in the passage. The data provided in the graph is not mentioned at this point in the passage, so the responses of “yes” will be incorrect. The graph does provide information on the baroque period, so the response, “No because it does not give information on the baroque period,” will be incorrect, leaving the final response as the best answer as no information provided in the graph is accurately supported by anything mentioned in the passage.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the baroque period of art history but never directly provides any specific percentages or numbers, therefore we would not want to add a graph at this point in the passage. The data provided in the graph is not mentioned at this point in the passage, so the responses of “yes” will be incorrect. The graph does provide information on the baroque period, so the response, “No because it does not give information on the baroque period,” will be incorrect, leaving the final response as the best answer as no information provided in the graph is accurately supported by anything mentioned in the passage.
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Have you ever wondered if there was life on other planets? Did you know there are planets that have been discovered outside of our solar system? There are over 100 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, which is 100,000 light years across. The National Aeronautical and Space Association, or NASA, have confirmed 4,284 exoplanets. Many of the exoplanets that have been discovered are very different from those in our solar system. The first exoplanets were discovered in 1992 as two rocky planets orbiting around a pulsar in the Virgo constellation. Due to the fact that the planets are so close to their star, they are unable to support any potential organic life. The amount of exoplanets discovered since 1992 has had a steady, exponential increase, with the new exoplanet discoveries exceeding 100 a year in recent years.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Have you ever wondered if there was life on other planets? Did you know there are planets that have been discovered outside of our solar system? There are over 100 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, which is 100,000 light years across. The National Aeronautical and Space Association, or NASA, have confirmed 4,284 exoplanets. Many of the exoplanets that have been discovered are very different from those in our solar system. The first exoplanets were discovered in 1992 as two rocky planets orbiting around a pulsar in the Virgo constellation. Due to the fact that the planets are so close to their star, they are unable to support any potential organic life. The amount of exoplanets discovered since 1992 has had a steady, exponential increase, with the new exoplanet discoveries exceeding 100 a year in recent years.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the amount of exoplanets and how the discoveries have increased in recent years, therefore the data in the graph matches the details provided in the passage. The data provided in the graph is mentioned in the passage, so the responses of “no” will be incorrect. The graph does provide information on the exoplanets, however the response, “Yes because it gives data to support a claim about the type of exoplanets in our galaxy,” will be incorrect, because the passage does not mention all of the types of exoplanets, nor does the information in the graph pertain to the types of exoplanets. This leaves the second response as the best answer as the information provided in the graph is supported by the information mentioned in the passage.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the amount of exoplanets and how the discoveries have increased in recent years, therefore the data in the graph matches the details provided in the passage. The data provided in the graph is mentioned in the passage, so the responses of “no” will be incorrect. The graph does provide information on the exoplanets, however the response, “Yes because it gives data to support a claim about the type of exoplanets in our galaxy,” will be incorrect, because the passage does not mention all of the types of exoplanets, nor does the information in the graph pertain to the types of exoplanets. This leaves the second response as the best answer as the information provided in the graph is supported by the information mentioned in the passage.
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Aristotle is known to be one of the most influential philosophers in western civilization. Aristotle lived from 384 BCE - 322 BCE in Ancient Greece and his work shaped philosophy for centuries, influencing great minds up through the Renaissance. His works are still studied today. Aristotle wrote an estimated 200 works, mostly in manuscripts or drafts. Aristotle observed Poetics, which is the scientific study of writing poetry, especially tragedy and epic poetry. His work explored the idea of storytelling, plots, character development, and story lines. Aristotle also studied a form of ethics and morality known as Nicomachean Ethics which explores the idea that real-world circumstances affect individual morals and values.
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Should the author make this addition here?
Aristotle is known to be one of the most influential philosophers in western civilization. Aristotle lived from 384 BCE - 322 BCE in Ancient Greece and his work shaped philosophy for centuries, influencing great minds up through the Renaissance. His works are still studied today. Aristotle wrote an estimated 200 works, mostly in manuscripts or drafts. Aristotle observed Poetics, which is the scientific study of writing poetry, especially tragedy and epic poetry. His work explored the idea of storytelling, plots, character development, and story lines. Aristotle also studied a form of ethics and morality known as Nicomachean Ethics which explores the idea that real-world circumstances affect individual morals and values.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses Aristotle and some of his influential teachings and works, however the graph shows the amount of Aristotle’s work that was published or unpublished. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does give information on Aristotle’s work, so the response, “No because it does not give information on Aristotle’s work,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses Aristotle and some of his influential teachings and works, however the graph shows the amount of Aristotle’s work that was published or unpublished. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does give information on Aristotle’s work, so the response, “No because it does not give information on Aristotle’s work,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
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In 1918, there was a global pandemic of the H1N1 or Flu virus. The pandemic lasted over a year and killed over 20 million people globally. More people died from the flu in one year than died in four years of the bubonic plague in the middle ages. There was a second wave of cases in 1919 after the first world war, which caused the mortality rate of Americans to drop by 10 years.
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In 1918, there was a global pandemic of the H1N1 or Flu virus. The pandemic lasted over a year and killed over 20 million people globally. More people died from the flu in one year than died in four years of the bubonic plague in the middle ages. There was a second wave of cases in 1919 after the first world war, which caused the mortality rate of Americans to drop by 10 years.
At this point, the author is considering adding this graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses how deadly the Influenza Outbreak of 1918, however the graph shows the rates of death during 1918 and 1919 due to the flu. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does give information on the deaths from the flu with no values, therefore, “No because it does not give information on how many people suffered from the flu,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses how deadly the Influenza Outbreak of 1918, however the graph shows the rates of death during 1918 and 1919 due to the flu. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does give information on the deaths from the flu with no values, therefore, “No because it does not give information on how many people suffered from the flu,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
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Microeconomics is the study of individual and business decisions while macroeconomics studies the decisions made by countries and governments which is on a much larger scale than microeconomics. Microeconomics focus on supply and demand as well as forces that determine price levels of products. Macroeconomics focuses on nation-wide economies as a whole as well as trades between goods and services between nations, such as the gross domestic product, or GDP.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following graph:
The following graph displays the relationship reflecting the causal connection between microeconomic and macroeconomics displayed over time. The dotted line expresses percent change in causation on microeconomics, the solid line, the percent change in causation on macroeconomics.
Should the author make this addition here?
Microeconomics is the study of individual and business decisions while macroeconomics studies the decisions made by countries and governments which is on a much larger scale than microeconomics. Microeconomics focus on supply and demand as well as forces that determine price levels of products. Macroeconomics focuses on nation-wide economies as a whole as well as trades between goods and services between nations, such as the gross domestic product, or GDP.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following graph:
The following graph displays the relationship reflecting the causal connection between microeconomic and macroeconomics displayed over time. The dotted line expresses percent change in causation on microeconomics, the solid line, the percent change in causation on macroeconomics.
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses microeconomics and macroeconomics, however the graph shows the relationship between the two. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does not have any evidence to support the data, so the response, “No because it does not give information on microeconomics,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses microeconomics and macroeconomics, however the graph shows the relationship between the two. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does not have any evidence to support the data, so the response, “No because it does not give information on microeconomics,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
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Ska music is best known for its up-beats, horn music, and the classic checkerboard icons associated with the musicians. However, many people don’t know the history of ska music. It is Jamaica’s first indigenous urban pop style, blending jazz, rock, rhythm and blues, and Caribbean folk music. Emerging in the late 1950s from an early form of rhythm and blues in Jamaica, it quickly spread to Louisiana, incorporating more horn instruments such as the trombone, trumpet, and the French horn. The horns and pianos play the riffs on the offbeat. The most well-known technique in the ska guitar style is the guitar chop, typically upstrokes on the offbeat. The ska chop is credited to Ernie Ranglin, one of the pioneering ska musicians. Ska has had many different “waves” of popularity over the decades. The first wave began in the early 1960s; the second wave in the 1970s, gaining popularity in the UK and eventually melting in punk and pop influences with artists such as the Specials; the third wave came in the mid-1980s, this time taking over America; the fourth wave of ska took over the media in the mid to late 1990s with groups such as No Doubt, The Mighty Mighty Bosstones, and Reel Big Fish bringing ska to the mainstream.
At this point, the author is considering adding this graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Ska music is best known for its up-beats, horn music, and the classic checkerboard icons associated with the musicians. However, many people don’t know the history of ska music. It is Jamaica’s first indigenous urban pop style, blending jazz, rock, rhythm and blues, and Caribbean folk music. Emerging in the late 1950s from an early form of rhythm and blues in Jamaica, it quickly spread to Louisiana, incorporating more horn instruments such as the trombone, trumpet, and the French horn. The horns and pianos play the riffs on the offbeat. The most well-known technique in the ska guitar style is the guitar chop, typically upstrokes on the offbeat. The ska chop is credited to Ernie Ranglin, one of the pioneering ska musicians. Ska has had many different “waves” of popularity over the decades. The first wave began in the early 1960s; the second wave in the 1970s, gaining popularity in the UK and eventually melting in punk and pop influences with artists such as the Specials; the third wave came in the mid-1980s, this time taking over America; the fourth wave of ska took over the media in the mid to late 1990s with groups such as No Doubt, The Mighty Mighty Bosstones, and Reel Big Fish bringing ska to the mainstream.
At this point, the author is considering adding this graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the four waves of ska, however the graph shows the popularity of ska, which was not discussed in exact numbers in the passage. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does not give accurate information on ska, so the response, “No because it does not give information on ska,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the four waves of ska, however the graph shows the popularity of ska, which was not discussed in exact numbers in the passage. The graph does not directly relate to any information provided in the passage and with no evidence provided, the graph does not display accurate data, eliminating the “yes” options. The graph does not give accurate information on ska, so the response, “No because it does not give information on ska,” would be incorrect, leaving the last response as the correct answer.
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Coffee is one of the largest exports for many South American countries. In 2019, coffee exports by country totaled an estimated $30.1 billion US Dollars. Brazil had the highest percentage of total coffee exports with 15 %, Colombia followed behind with 8.7% of total coffee exports, and Switzerland had the third largest percentage of total coffee exports with 8.3%.
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Should the author make this addition here?
Coffee is one of the largest exports for many South American countries. In 2019, coffee exports by country totaled an estimated $30.1 billion US Dollars. Brazil had the highest percentage of total coffee exports with 15 %, Colombia followed behind with 8.7% of total coffee exports, and Switzerland had the third largest percentage of total coffee exports with 8.3%.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following graph:
Should the author make this addition here?
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses coffee and how much the top 15 countries export, which is reflected in the graph. The graph does relate to information provided in the passage, so the “no” options would be eliminated. The graph does not give information on the popularity of coffee in South America, therefore, “Yes because it supports the claim that coffee is popular in South America,” would be incorrect, leaving the first response as correct.
Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses coffee and how much the top 15 countries export, which is reflected in the graph. The graph does relate to information provided in the passage, so the “no” options would be eliminated. The graph does not give information on the popularity of coffee in South America, therefore, “Yes because it supports the claim that coffee is popular in South America,” would be incorrect, leaving the first response as correct.
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The traditional view of archaeologists usually involves a college professor who spends much of his or her time digging and researching in ancient foreign libraries or a museum curator who works every day to preserve the artifacts the museum holds. While this view isn’t completely incorrect, it is incomplete, both in terms of the types of jobs available to archaeologists and in the types of work within those jobs. For example, college professors may spend summers at dig sites, but much of their time is also spent writing grants, teaching students, and writing about their research projects. Additionally, although there are still many people who work in archaeology as professors and museum curators, the demand for these jobs far outstrips the number of positions available, making the positions difficult to acquire. 1
The author is considering adding the following table to the end of this paragraph:
| | Construction Companies | Governmental Agencies | Museums | Universities | |
| ------------------------- | --------------------- | ------- | ------------ | ------ |
| Applicants | 14,138 | 12,415 | 9,884 | 15,232 |
| Jobs Filled | 9,224 | 5,380 | 766 | 2,014 |
| % of applicants hired | 65% | 43% | 8% | 13% |
The table above details the number of applicants for archaeology-related positions and the number of archaeology-related jobs filled for the year 2018 in the United States.
Should the author makes this addition?
The traditional view of archaeologists usually involves a college professor who spends much of his or her time digging and researching in ancient foreign libraries or a museum curator who works every day to preserve the artifacts the museum holds. While this view isn’t completely incorrect, it is incomplete, both in terms of the types of jobs available to archaeologists and in the types of work within those jobs. For example, college professors may spend summers at dig sites, but much of their time is also spent writing grants, teaching students, and writing about their research projects. Additionally, although there are still many people who work in archaeology as professors and museum curators, the demand for these jobs far outstrips the number of positions available, making the positions difficult to acquire. 1
The author is considering adding the following table to the end of this paragraph:
| | Construction Companies | Governmental Agencies | Museums | Universities | | | ------------------------- | --------------------- | ------- | ------------ | ------ | | Applicants | 14,138 | 12,415 | 9,884 | 15,232 | | Jobs Filled | 9,224 | 5,380 | 766 | 2,014 | | % of applicants hired | 65% | 43% | 8% | 13% |
The table above details the number of applicants for archaeology-related positions and the number of archaeology-related jobs filled for the year 2018 in the United States.
Should the author makes this addition?
The information in the table shows that while many people apply for archaeology jobs at museums and universities, the actual number of jobs is much smaller, so only 8% and 13% of applicants will find those jobs. This supports the claim that “the demand for these jobs outstrips the number of positions available, making these jobs difficult to get.” This makes " Yes, because the information in the table validates the claim made in the last sentence of the paragraph."
Among the other answer choices: "Yes, because the information in the table proves that archaeology professors spend most of their time on teaching and writing" is incorrect as the table shows what types of jobs are available but does not talk about the activities that take place within the “University” jobs column. "No, because the information in the table shows that most archaeologists apply for jobs at universities" is incorrect because while the table does show that more people apply to universities than any of the other four categories, that doesn’t mean that “most” (more than ½) do. Also it is perfectly consistent with the author’s point that many people apply to university jobs (that’s “demand”); the author just adds that not many of those jobs exist, and the table also supports that. And "No, because the information in the table does not specify whether the jobs at museums are curator jobs" is incorrect because, again, the “because” reason here is consistent with the author’s point that there aren’t many jobs as university professors and museum curators. If the very small number of museum jobs were to even include museum jobs that aren’t for curators, that reinforces the point that the jobs people tend to visualize as archaeology jobs aren’t, in fact, what most archaeologists do.
The information in the table shows that while many people apply for archaeology jobs at museums and universities, the actual number of jobs is much smaller, so only 8% and 13% of applicants will find those jobs. This supports the claim that “the demand for these jobs outstrips the number of positions available, making these jobs difficult to get.” This makes " Yes, because the information in the table validates the claim made in the last sentence of the paragraph."
Among the other answer choices: "Yes, because the information in the table proves that archaeology professors spend most of their time on teaching and writing" is incorrect as the table shows what types of jobs are available but does not talk about the activities that take place within the “University” jobs column. "No, because the information in the table shows that most archaeologists apply for jobs at universities" is incorrect because while the table does show that more people apply to universities than any of the other four categories, that doesn’t mean that “most” (more than ½) do. Also it is perfectly consistent with the author’s point that many people apply to university jobs (that’s “demand”); the author just adds that not many of those jobs exist, and the table also supports that. And "No, because the information in the table does not specify whether the jobs at museums are curator jobs" is incorrect because, again, the “because” reason here is consistent with the author’s point that there aren’t many jobs as university professors and museum curators. If the very small number of museum jobs were to even include museum jobs that aren’t for curators, that reinforces the point that the jobs people tend to visualize as archaeology jobs aren’t, in fact, what most archaeologists do.
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Ecosystems are made of a complex system of energy and nutrient transfers from one organism to another. Some of these transfers are in the form of predation: one organism eating another – while others are in the form of ecosystem engineering, an organism changing the environment around them. One major form of ecosystem engineering is niche creation, the process of an organism changing its environment to create a competitive advantage. In order for an organism to be considered as creating a niche, three things must be true: the organism must significantly modify its environment, those changes must affect other organisms’ survival, and those changes must lead to an evolutionary response in another organism. 1
One of the world’s most influential “niche constructors” - species known for changing the environment around them - is the earthworm, an organism found almost everywhere on the planet. Earthworms were originally aquatic organisms that were ill-equipped to survive on land. A scientist only concerned with evolution would predict that, in order to live on land, earthworms would have to significantly change. Earthworms didn’t change their physiology a great amount, however, instead, they changed the soil to make it more like the ocean in order to survive. Land with earthworms is less compacted, is more nutrient rich, and is better mixed than land without them, leading to monumental changes in the ecosystem.
To be considered true niche constructors, however, earthworms must change the environment in such a way as to alter the evolution of another species. One of the easiest ways to measure this effect on evolution is in the effect that the number of earthworms has on soil fertility, a measure of how hospitable an environment is to plant growth. Even the least fertile soil has around 62 worms per square meter, and as the number of worms increases so does soil fertility. As worms move through the different layers of soil, they eat, digest, and excrete massive amounts of organic matter. They leave their excretions behind in the form of nutrient-rich droppings known as casings. As these casings decompose, they release nutrients into the soil. This process not only moves nutrients from one layer of the soil to another but also converts the nutrients to forms that plants can absorb and process more easily. Because it is easier for plants to get the proper nutrients, plants don’t have to invest time and energy into making better root systems to gather nutrients. As a result, plants have, over time, lost some of these mechanisms – a form of evolution.
Without earthworms, modern land-based ecosystems would look very different. There is no way to predict the exact changes that would exist without earthworms, but it is easy to recognize earthworms’ impact. As research continues into the effect of earthworms, scientists are confident that it will show an even more complex picture of the earthworm’s contribution to the land-based ecosystem.
The author is considering the addition of the following table:
Organism Environmental Modification Organism with Survival Impacted Evolutionary Response Elephant Tears bark off of trees Lizards live on perches created by tree damage n/a Caterpillars Use silk to tie leaves together Sawflies and beetles live in the shade of the tied leaves n/a Azorella monantha Increase water and nitrogen concentration in high elevation soil Other plants can thrive in the otherwise harsh soil n/a
The table above outlines the unique ways in which several organisms have impacted their ecosystems to the benefit of other species.
Should the author make this addition?
Ecosystems are made of a complex system of energy and nutrient transfers from one organism to another. Some of these transfers are in the form of predation: one organism eating another – while others are in the form of ecosystem engineering, an organism changing the environment around them. One major form of ecosystem engineering is niche creation, the process of an organism changing its environment to create a competitive advantage. In order for an organism to be considered as creating a niche, three things must be true: the organism must significantly modify its environment, those changes must affect other organisms’ survival, and those changes must lead to an evolutionary response in another organism. 1
One of the world’s most influential “niche constructors” - species known for changing the environment around them - is the earthworm, an organism found almost everywhere on the planet. Earthworms were originally aquatic organisms that were ill-equipped to survive on land. A scientist only concerned with evolution would predict that, in order to live on land, earthworms would have to significantly change. Earthworms didn’t change their physiology a great amount, however, instead, they changed the soil to make it more like the ocean in order to survive. Land with earthworms is less compacted, is more nutrient rich, and is better mixed than land without them, leading to monumental changes in the ecosystem.
To be considered true niche constructors, however, earthworms must change the environment in such a way as to alter the evolution of another species. One of the easiest ways to measure this effect on evolution is in the effect that the number of earthworms has on soil fertility, a measure of how hospitable an environment is to plant growth. Even the least fertile soil has around 62 worms per square meter, and as the number of worms increases so does soil fertility. As worms move through the different layers of soil, they eat, digest, and excrete massive amounts of organic matter. They leave their excretions behind in the form of nutrient-rich droppings known as casings. As these casings decompose, they release nutrients into the soil. This process not only moves nutrients from one layer of the soil to another but also converts the nutrients to forms that plants can absorb and process more easily. Because it is easier for plants to get the proper nutrients, plants don’t have to invest time and energy into making better root systems to gather nutrients. As a result, plants have, over time, lost some of these mechanisms – a form of evolution.
Without earthworms, modern land-based ecosystems would look very different. There is no way to predict the exact changes that would exist without earthworms, but it is easy to recognize earthworms’ impact. As research continues into the effect of earthworms, scientists are confident that it will show an even more complex picture of the earthworm’s contribution to the land-based ecosystem.
The author is considering the addition of the following table:
| Organism | Environmental Modification | Organism with Survival Impacted | Evolutionary Response |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elephant | Tears bark off of trees | Lizards live on perches created by tree damage | n/a |
| Caterpillars | Use silk to tie leaves together | Sawflies and beetles live in the shade of the tied leaves | n/a |
| Azorella monantha | Increase water and nitrogen concentration in high elevation soil | Other plants can thrive in the otherwise harsh soil | n/a |
The table above outlines the unique ways in which several organisms have impacted their ecosystems to the benefit of other species.
Should the author make this addition?
Whenever you’re asked whether an author should add a sentence, graph, or table, you should look to see where that addition would go and how well it connects to the rest of the information on either side of it. Here the table would be placed immediately after a discussion of the three characteristics of a niche constructor and immediately before the scope of the passage shifts to focus on the earthworm. Importantly, none of the organisms in the table would qualify as niche constructors, as none has inspired an evolutionary response, and there is no discussion that directly connects to why such a table would fit: were the author to say that niche construction is quite rare given the narrow definition, for example, or that many organisms dramatically impact their ecosystems even without being niche constructors, this table would have a connection to the passage. But no such reference exists: the passage is meant to go from the general definition of a niche constructor to several paragraphs talking about the earthworm in particular. So choice "No, because it introduces irrelevant information that disrupts the flow of the passage." is correct - the table is irrelevant to the discussion that surrounds it.
Among the incorrect choices: "Yes, because it demonstrates that not all organisms fit the three-part criteria of being niche constructors." is “true” in what it says about the table, but the passage doesn’t have any context that calls for such a discussion. "Yes, because it shows the various ways in which niche constructors benefit other plants and animals." is incorrect, as none of the organisms in the table count as niche constructors. And "No, because it does not include a varied enough sample of different organism types." misses the point that the table itself isn’t connected to the context, so it doesn’t matter how many organisms are listed as the table just doesn’t have a place.
Whenever you’re asked whether an author should add a sentence, graph, or table, you should look to see where that addition would go and how well it connects to the rest of the information on either side of it. Here the table would be placed immediately after a discussion of the three characteristics of a niche constructor and immediately before the scope of the passage shifts to focus on the earthworm. Importantly, none of the organisms in the table would qualify as niche constructors, as none has inspired an evolutionary response, and there is no discussion that directly connects to why such a table would fit: were the author to say that niche construction is quite rare given the narrow definition, for example, or that many organisms dramatically impact their ecosystems even without being niche constructors, this table would have a connection to the passage. But no such reference exists: the passage is meant to go from the general definition of a niche constructor to several paragraphs talking about the earthworm in particular. So choice "No, because it introduces irrelevant information that disrupts the flow of the passage." is correct - the table is irrelevant to the discussion that surrounds it.
Among the incorrect choices: "Yes, because it demonstrates that not all organisms fit the three-part criteria of being niche constructors." is “true” in what it says about the table, but the passage doesn’t have any context that calls for such a discussion. "Yes, because it shows the various ways in which niche constructors benefit other plants and animals." is incorrect, as none of the organisms in the table count as niche constructors. And "No, because it does not include a varied enough sample of different organism types." misses the point that the table itself isn’t connected to the context, so it doesn’t matter how many organisms are listed as the table just doesn’t have a place.
Compare your answer with the correct one above
One of the easiest ways to see the way that earthworms change their environment is in the effect that the number of earthworms has on soil fertility, a measure of how hospitable an environment is to plant growth. Even the least fertile soil has around 62 worms per square meter, and as the number of worms increases so does soil fertility. As worms move through the different layers of soil, they eat, digest, and excrete massive amounts of organic matter. They leave their excretions behind in the form of nutrient-rich droppings known as casings. As these casings decompose, they release nutrients into the soil. This process not only moves nutrients from one layer of the soil to another but also converts the nutrients to forms that plants can absorb and process more easily. 1
At this point the author is considering the addition of the following table.
Figure 1: Corn growth by worm count, rainfall, and temperature
Sample Worms per square meter Avg. monthly rainfall (centimeters) Avg. daily temperature (℃) Avg. corn plant height (meters) A 82 22 14 1.77 B 106 14 22 1.94 C 93 34 15 1.84 D 124 17 25 2.03 E 168 23 21 2.14 F 88 26 17 1.81 G 113 31 19 1.98
(Adapted from a study of seven unique subclimates in the farmlands of Manitoba, Canada. Measurements were taken for the growing season of 2017, with average corn height measured as of September 1, 2017.)
Should the author make this addition?
One of the easiest ways to see the way that earthworms change their environment is in the effect that the number of earthworms has on soil fertility, a measure of how hospitable an environment is to plant growth. Even the least fertile soil has around 62 worms per square meter, and as the number of worms increases so does soil fertility. As worms move through the different layers of soil, they eat, digest, and excrete massive amounts of organic matter. They leave their excretions behind in the form of nutrient-rich droppings known as casings. As these casings decompose, they release nutrients into the soil. This process not only moves nutrients from one layer of the soil to another but also converts the nutrients to forms that plants can absorb and process more easily. 1
At this point the author is considering the addition of the following table.
Figure 1: Corn growth by worm count, rainfall, and temperature
| Sample | Worms per square meter | Avg. monthly rainfall (centimeters) | Avg. daily temperature (℃) | Avg. corn plant height (meters) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 82 | 22 | 14 | 1.77 |
| B | 106 | 14 | 22 | 1.94 |
| C | 93 | 34 | 15 | 1.84 |
| D | 124 | 17 | 25 | 2.03 |
| E | 168 | 23 | 21 | 2.14 |
| F | 88 | 26 | 17 | 1.81 |
| G | 113 | 31 | 19 | 1.98 |
(Adapted from a study of seven unique subclimates in the farmlands of Manitoba, Canada. Measurements were taken for the growing season of 2017, with average corn height measured as of September 1, 2017.)
Should the author make this addition?
While this table is somewhat related to the topic of earthworms’ impact on soil fertility, note that the passage doesn’t directly link the metrics in the table (corn height, in particular) to soil fertility itself. Without that direct connection, the table is out of scope of the passage’s subject matter - it’s somewhat related but doesn’t quite fit. That makes choice "No, because the information displayed in the table is not directly referenced by or connected to the passage. 'a good option.
But as in most SAT questions that provide you with Yes/No answer choices that include reasons, this problem is best attacked with process-of-elimination. With choice "Yes, because it proves that corn can only grow when there are more than 62 worms per square meter.", recognize the extremely strong language in “prove” and “only” - the table does show that for these 7 locations in Manitoba, corn grows and the worm count is above 62 worms per square meter. But these seven locations don’t prove that that is the only case; there could very well be other corn-growing locations with lower worm counts that just weren’t part of this study. So "Yes, because it proves that corn can only grow when there are more than 62 worms per square meter." has logical problems, and like "No, because the information displayed in the table is not directly referenced by or connected to the passage." alerts you to the topic doesn’t directly connect to the passage, which doesn’t call for proof of worm density in soil.
With "Yes, because it demonstrates that corn grows higher when there are more earthworms in the soil." the logic of the “because” portion is sound (the table does show that corn grows higher when worm concentration is higher) but the passage doesn’t include language to connect corn height to soil fertility, so this lesson doesn’t directly connect to a main point of the paragraph.
And with "No, because corn is not the only type of plant that should be able to grow in soil fertilized by earthworms.", note that if the table were connected to the passage in language it could very well be helpful - showing that earthworm concentration is the best predictor of corn height could very well make the case that earthworms are extremely influential with regard to soil fertility. The table doesn’t have to prove that this is true for all plants in order for this finding from one type of plant to help demonstrate the case that worms are good for the soil. So "No, because corn is not the only type of plant that should be able to grow in soil fertilized by earthworms." is wrong in that the issue with the table isn’t that it only includes corn, but that the passage doesn’t directly connect the idea of corn height to soil fertility.
While this table is somewhat related to the topic of earthworms’ impact on soil fertility, note that the passage doesn’t directly link the metrics in the table (corn height, in particular) to soil fertility itself. Without that direct connection, the table is out of scope of the passage’s subject matter - it’s somewhat related but doesn’t quite fit. That makes choice "No, because the information displayed in the table is not directly referenced by or connected to the passage. 'a good option.
But as in most SAT questions that provide you with Yes/No answer choices that include reasons, this problem is best attacked with process-of-elimination. With choice "Yes, because it proves that corn can only grow when there are more than 62 worms per square meter.", recognize the extremely strong language in “prove” and “only” - the table does show that for these 7 locations in Manitoba, corn grows and the worm count is above 62 worms per square meter. But these seven locations don’t prove that that is the only case; there could very well be other corn-growing locations with lower worm counts that just weren’t part of this study. So "Yes, because it proves that corn can only grow when there are more than 62 worms per square meter." has logical problems, and like "No, because the information displayed in the table is not directly referenced by or connected to the passage." alerts you to the topic doesn’t directly connect to the passage, which doesn’t call for proof of worm density in soil.
With "Yes, because it demonstrates that corn grows higher when there are more earthworms in the soil." the logic of the “because” portion is sound (the table does show that corn grows higher when worm concentration is higher) but the passage doesn’t include language to connect corn height to soil fertility, so this lesson doesn’t directly connect to a main point of the paragraph.
And with "No, because corn is not the only type of plant that should be able to grow in soil fertilized by earthworms.", note that if the table were connected to the passage in language it could very well be helpful - showing that earthworm concentration is the best predictor of corn height could very well make the case that earthworms are extremely influential with regard to soil fertility. The table doesn’t have to prove that this is true for all plants in order for this finding from one type of plant to help demonstrate the case that worms are good for the soil. So "No, because corn is not the only type of plant that should be able to grow in soil fertilized by earthworms." is wrong in that the issue with the table isn’t that it only includes corn, but that the passage doesn’t directly connect the idea of corn height to soil fertility.
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In 2018, the Atlantic hurricane season had 15 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. With over 100 deaths and $50 billion in damage, the 2018 season was the third consecutive above-average season. The first named storm, Tropical Storm Alberto, formed prior to the official start of the hurricane season, which is June 1st.
The author is considering adding the following table at this point in the paragraph.
Should the author make this addition?
In 2018, the Atlantic hurricane season had 15 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. With over 100 deaths and $50 billion in damage, the 2018 season was the third consecutive above-average season. The first named storm, Tropical Storm Alberto, formed prior to the official start of the hurricane season, which is June 1st.
The author is considering adding the following table at this point in the paragraph.
Should the author make this addition?
The information in the table provides data for the information in the passage, showing the amount of named storms during the 2018 Hurricane season. The table should be added as it provides evidence for the information in the passage, eliminating the “no” options. The table does not, however, validate a claim that the hurricane season in 2018 was deadly, also eliminating that option. Therefore, “Yes, because the information in the table proves the data provided in the passage,” is the best option.
The information in the table provides data for the information in the passage, showing the amount of named storms during the 2018 Hurricane season. The table should be added as it provides evidence for the information in the passage, eliminating the “no” options. The table does not, however, validate a claim that the hurricane season in 2018 was deadly, also eliminating that option. Therefore, “Yes, because the information in the table proves the data provided in the passage,” is the best option.
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In recent years, there has been an influx of natural disasters, largely attributed to climate change. In January of 2019 alone, there were over 461 earthquakes with a 1.8 magnitude or higher in the California area. This led to a massive 7.1 magnitude earthquake in July of that same year. The foreshock, or beginning of the waves, occurred over 30 hours prior to the main event with a 6.4 magnitude. In November, Albania, across the world, experienced the deadliest earthquake of 2019 with a death toll of 51 and a magnitude of 6.4.
The author is considering adding the following table at this point in the paragraph.
Should the author make this addition?
In recent years, there has been an influx of natural disasters, largely attributed to climate change. In January of 2019 alone, there were over 461 earthquakes with a 1.8 magnitude or higher in the California area. This led to a massive 7.1 magnitude earthquake in July of that same year. The foreshock, or beginning of the waves, occurred over 30 hours prior to the main event with a 6.4 magnitude. In November, Albania, across the world, experienced the deadliest earthquake of 2019 with a death toll of 51 and a magnitude of 6.4.
The author is considering adding the following table at this point in the paragraph.
Should the author make this addition?
The information in the table does not match up with the information provided in the passage. This therefore eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however show the amount of deaths related to the different earthquakes, even though it is inaccurate, the response “No, because the information in the table shows the incorrect data that does not align with the data provided in the passage,” would be the best option for this question.
The information in the table does not match up with the information provided in the passage. This therefore eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however show the amount of deaths related to the different earthquakes, even though it is inaccurate, the response “No, because the information in the table shows the incorrect data that does not align with the data provided in the passage,” would be the best option for this question.
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An amendment to the United States Constitution occurs when Congress proposes an amendment, or change to the current Constitution, which is then sent to the states to be ratified. Since the inception of the United States, there have been a total of 27 amendments ratified and over 11,770 proposals since 1789 (as of January 2019). The first amendment to be ratified in the 20th century was the 16th amendment on February 3, 1913, which was the beginning of income taxes as we know it today. Between 1913 and 1992, 11 Amendments were passed, among them: The right to vote regardless of sex, the manufacturing or sale of alcohol (which was later repealed in 1933 via the 21st Amendment), limiting the amount of term limits for a president, and granting the District of Columbia electors for the Electoral College.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
An amendment to the United States Constitution occurs when Congress proposes an amendment, or change to the current Constitution, which is then sent to the states to be ratified. Since the inception of the United States, there have been a total of 27 amendments ratified and over 11,770 proposals since 1789 (as of January 2019). The first amendment to be ratified in the 20th century was the 16th amendment on February 3, 1913, which was the beginning of income taxes as we know it today. Between 1913 and 1992, 11 Amendments were passed, among them: The right to vote regardless of sex, the manufacturing or sale of alcohol (which was later repealed in 1933 via the 21st Amendment), limiting the amount of term limits for a president, and granting the District of Columbia electors for the Electoral College.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
The information in the table provides data for the information in the passage, showing the years and amendments that were ratified in the 20th century. The table should be added as it provides evidence for the information in the passage, eliminating the “no” options. The table does not, however, show an explanation of each amendment, also eliminating that option. Therefore, “Yes, because the information in the table validates the claim made in the paragraph,” is the best option.
The information in the table provides data for the information in the passage, showing the years and amendments that were ratified in the 20th century. The table should be added as it provides evidence for the information in the passage, eliminating the “no” options. The table does not, however, show an explanation of each amendment, also eliminating that option. Therefore, “Yes, because the information in the table validates the claim made in the paragraph,” is the best option.
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Dogs are known to have a shorter life span than humans, but what dog breeds live the longest? The average lifespan of a dog is about 10-14 years and external factors such as diet and exercise can lengthen or shorten their lives, as with humans. Chihuahuas are one of the longest living dog breeds, living an average of 15 years, and even as old as 20 years. Dachshunds typically live an average of 15 years as well. The Guinness world record for the oldest living dog was set by Dachshund at 21 years old. Toy poodles are also known for their longevity, living up to 18 years old. Many Toy poodles experience orthopedic problems and eye disorders as they grow older. Jack Russell terriers are another breed that often reaches 16 years old. Smaller breeds tend to have a longer life, and the Shih Tzus prove it by rounding off this list with a common lifespan of 15 years or so. This breed also has predispositions to eye issues as well as other health conditions.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
Dogs are known to have a shorter life span than humans, but what dog breeds live the longest? The average lifespan of a dog is about 10-14 years and external factors such as diet and exercise can lengthen or shorten their lives, as with humans. Chihuahuas are one of the longest living dog breeds, living an average of 15 years, and even as old as 20 years. Dachshunds typically live an average of 15 years as well. The Guinness world record for the oldest living dog was set by Dachshund at 21 years old. Toy poodles are also known for their longevity, living up to 18 years old. Many Toy poodles experience orthopedic problems and eye disorders as they grow older. Jack Russell terriers are another breed that often reaches 16 years old. Smaller breeds tend to have a longer life, and the Shih Tzus prove it by rounding off this list with a common lifespan of 15 years or so. This breed also has predispositions to eye issues as well as other health conditions.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
The information in the table provides data for the information in the passage, showing the breeds of dogs and their life spans. The table should be added as it provides evidence for the information in the passage, eliminating the “no” options. The table does not, however, prove that smaller dogs have a longer lifespan than larger dogs, also eliminating that option. Therefore, “Yes, because the information in the table shows the life span of 5 smaller dog breeds, validating the claim made in the passage,” is the best option.
The information in the table provides data for the information in the passage, showing the breeds of dogs and their life spans. The table should be added as it provides evidence for the information in the passage, eliminating the “no” options. The table does not, however, prove that smaller dogs have a longer lifespan than larger dogs, also eliminating that option. Therefore, “Yes, because the information in the table shows the life span of 5 smaller dog breeds, validating the claim made in the passage,” is the best option.
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There is an abundance of diets to choose from, deciding which one is the best fit is almost as hard as the lifestyle change. There have been many diet fads throughout the years, each claiming to be better than the last. With several studies, many scientists set off to find the perfect diet. The low-carb, whole food diet helps people who are looking to lose weight, lower their risk of disease, and improve their overall health. This diet aims to eliminate any processed foods, which can be bad for our system. This diet is high in vegetables, meat, fruits, nuts, and fats, but low in sugars, starches, and processed foods. The Mediterranean diet is one that helps with heart disease prevention. It emphasizes foods eaten in the Mediterranean region such as vegetables, fruits, fish, poultry, grains, beans, dairy, and lots of extra virgin olive oil. The Paleo diet is a newly popular diet that helps with weight loss and general health improvement. It also focuses on unprocessed food, having a diet much like our nomadic human ancestors, consisting of fish, meat, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and some grains. The vegan diet has been steadily growing in recent years, and has been linked to a number of health benefits, such as weight loss, improved heart health, and better blood sugar control. Most vegans see this more as a lifestyle than a diet, as their focus is on preventing harm to animals, eliminating any and all animal products such as dairy and meat, focusing on plant-based foods. The Gluten-free diet became very popular in the mid-2010s, which came with an awareness of Celiac Disease, or gluten intolerance. Gluten is found in any product with wheat, rye, and barley.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
There is an abundance of diets to choose from, deciding which one is the best fit is almost as hard as the lifestyle change. There have been many diet fads throughout the years, each claiming to be better than the last. With several studies, many scientists set off to find the perfect diet. The low-carb, whole food diet helps people who are looking to lose weight, lower their risk of disease, and improve their overall health. This diet aims to eliminate any processed foods, which can be bad for our system. This diet is high in vegetables, meat, fruits, nuts, and fats, but low in sugars, starches, and processed foods. The Mediterranean diet is one that helps with heart disease prevention. It emphasizes foods eaten in the Mediterranean region such as vegetables, fruits, fish, poultry, grains, beans, dairy, and lots of extra virgin olive oil. The Paleo diet is a newly popular diet that helps with weight loss and general health improvement. It also focuses on unprocessed food, having a diet much like our nomadic human ancestors, consisting of fish, meat, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and some grains. The vegan diet has been steadily growing in recent years, and has been linked to a number of health benefits, such as weight loss, improved heart health, and better blood sugar control. Most vegans see this more as a lifestyle than a diet, as their focus is on preventing harm to animals, eliminating any and all animal products such as dairy and meat, focusing on plant-based foods. The Gluten-free diet became very popular in the mid-2010s, which came with an awareness of Celiac Disease, or gluten intolerance. Gluten is found in any product with wheat, rye, and barley.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
The information in the table does not agree with the information provided in the passage. This, therefore, eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however, show the types of diets listed in the passage, leaving the response “No, because the information in the table shows the incorrect data that does not align with the data provided in the passage,” as the best option for this question.
The information in the table does not agree with the information provided in the passage. This, therefore, eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however, show the types of diets listed in the passage, leaving the response “No, because the information in the table shows the incorrect data that does not align with the data provided in the passage,” as the best option for this question.
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During the 2016 Presidential election for the United States president, only 6 in 10 eligible voters participated. Many states had below 50% voter turnout, including one of the five largest states by population, Texas. Minnesota had the largest percentage of any state, with 74%. Florida had around 65% turnout while New York and California had roughly 55%. Many people have claimed they did not participate in the election because they felt that their voice didn’t matter. 4% of those who did not vote but were eligible to do so stated their failure to vote was due to registration problems, such as voter ID laws, registration difficulty, or criminal records.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
During the 2016 Presidential election for the United States president, only 6 in 10 eligible voters participated. Many states had below 50% voter turnout, including one of the five largest states by population, Texas. Minnesota had the largest percentage of any state, with 74%. Florida had around 65% turnout while New York and California had roughly 55%. Many people have claimed they did not participate in the election because they felt that their voice didn’t matter. 4% of those who did not vote but were eligible to do so stated their failure to vote was due to registration problems, such as voter ID laws, registration difficulty, or criminal records.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
Should the author make this addition?
The information in the table does not agree with the information provided in the passage. This therefore eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however, show the states and the percentage who did not vote, however this was never mentioned in the passage, nor are the data provided accurate. This leaves the response “No, because the information in the table shows the incorrect data that does not align with the data provided in the passage,” as the best option for this question.
The information in the table does not agree with the information provided in the passage. This therefore eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however, show the states and the percentage who did not vote, however this was never mentioned in the passage, nor are the data provided accurate. This leaves the response “No, because the information in the table shows the incorrect data that does not align with the data provided in the passage,” as the best option for this question.
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The Mark Twain Readers Award is an award to a children’s book that annually recognizes one book selected by Missouri school children. The nomination guidelines suggest that the book should interest children in grades four through six, be an original work written by an author living in the United States, be of literary value that can enrich children's personal lives, and be published two years prior to their nomination. Once a book meets this criteria, it must be voted on by the students in Missouri. The students must have read the book, as well as four other books that are nominated that year, and the student can only vote once. The 2018 award winner was The War That Saved My Life by Kimberly Brubaker Bradley.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
The Mark Twain Readers Award is an award to a children’s book that annually recognizes one book selected by Missouri school children. The nomination guidelines suggest that the book should interest children in grades four through six, be an original work written by an author living in the United States, be of literary value that can enrich children's personal lives, and be published two years prior to their nomination. Once a book meets this criteria, it must be voted on by the students in Missouri. The students must have read the book, as well as four other books that are nominated that year, and the student can only vote once. The 2018 award winner was The War That Saved My Life by Kimberly Brubaker Bradley.
At this point, the author is considering adding the following table:
The information in the table does not agree with the information provided in the passage. This therefore eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however, list the years the award was given, however this was never mentioned in the passage. This leaves the response “No, because the information in the table does not support any information provided in the passage,” as the best option for this question.
The information in the table does not agree with the information provided in the passage. This therefore eliminates the “yes” options as the table should not be added because the data is inaccurate according to the passage. The table does, however, list the years the award was given, however this was never mentioned in the passage. This leaves the response “No, because the information in the table does not support any information provided in the passage,” as the best option for this question.
Compare your answer with the correct one above