Identifying Cardiovascular Conditions - NCLEX-PN

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Question

When checking on a patient receiving parenteral nutrition the nurse observes that the patient has gained excessive weight, has increased blood pressure, and has a bounding pulse. The nurse responds by:

Answer

A client with excessive weight gain, headache, increased blood pressure, and bounding pulse is demonstrating symptoms of hypervolemia. The nurse should slow or stop the IV infusion, restrict fluids, an administer diuretics.

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Question

What is cardiac tamponade?

Answer

Cardiac tamponade is a condition in which blood, air, pus, or some other type of fluid accumulates in the pericardium, putting pressure on the heart and reducing it's ability to fill during diastole. Cardiac tamponade is not an arrhythmia, a murmur, or any type of ischemia. Signs include pulsus paradoxus (a greater than 10mmHg drop of systolic blood pressure on inspiration) and changes on ECG.

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Question

A 60-year-old male enters the emergency room complaining of burning pain under his sternum that radiates to his jaw. He has been experiencing this pain for three weeks, periodically, with episodes that occur as often as three times a week. The nurse proceeds in which of the following ways?

Answer

The patient is describing symptoms of heartburn. While it is important to rule out a cardiac-related cause, the nurse must do more assessment before reaching a conclusion.

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Question

What EKG rhythm is considered "irregularly irregular?"

Answer

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is considered an "irregularly irregular" rhythm. There are no discernible p waves because the atria are not contracting properly. The rate is irregular. This means that the rate varies from beat to beat.

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Question

Which of the following is not a risk factor for hypertension?

Answer

All of the answer choices listed are risk factors for hypertension:

Gender - more common in men

Race - more common in people of African American descent

Family history - more common in patients who have family members with a history of hypertension

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Question

When checking on a patient receiving parenteral nutrition the nurse observes that the patient has gained excessive weight, has increased blood pressure, and has a bounding pulse. The nurse responds by:

Answer

A client with excessive weight gain, headache, increased blood pressure, and bounding pulse is demonstrating symptoms of hypervolemia. The nurse should slow or stop the IV infusion, restrict fluids, an administer diuretics.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

What is cardiac tamponade?

Answer

Cardiac tamponade is a condition in which blood, air, pus, or some other type of fluid accumulates in the pericardium, putting pressure on the heart and reducing it's ability to fill during diastole. Cardiac tamponade is not an arrhythmia, a murmur, or any type of ischemia. Signs include pulsus paradoxus (a greater than 10mmHg drop of systolic blood pressure on inspiration) and changes on ECG.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

A 60-year-old male enters the emergency room complaining of burning pain under his sternum that radiates to his jaw. He has been experiencing this pain for three weeks, periodically, with episodes that occur as often as three times a week. The nurse proceeds in which of the following ways?

Answer

The patient is describing symptoms of heartburn. While it is important to rule out a cardiac-related cause, the nurse must do more assessment before reaching a conclusion.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

What EKG rhythm is considered "irregularly irregular?"

Answer

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is considered an "irregularly irregular" rhythm. There are no discernible p waves because the atria are not contracting properly. The rate is irregular. This means that the rate varies from beat to beat.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Which of the following is not a risk factor for hypertension?

Answer

All of the answer choices listed are risk factors for hypertension:

Gender - more common in men

Race - more common in people of African American descent

Family history - more common in patients who have family members with a history of hypertension

Compare your answer with the correct one above

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