9% of a population of mice suffer from muscle spasms due to an autosomal recessive disease. What percentage of the population are carriers for the disease?

All of the following are important aspects of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium EXCEPT __________.

In a population of a particular island, 64% of individuals have a homozygous recessive genotype. Assuming the population correlates with Hardy-Weinberg principles, what percentage of individuals in the next generation will be heterozygous?

Which of the following is not a necessary condition of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

A rare recessive mutation causes rabbits that are normally white to be pink. If one in a hundred rabbits is pink, what is the frequency of the pink allele?

Cryptosporidium is a genus of gastrointestinal parasite that infects the intestinal epithelium of mammals. Cryptosporidium is water-borne, and is an apicomplexan parasite. This phylum also includes Plasmodium, Babesia, and Toxoplasma.

Apicomplexans are unique due to their apicoplast, an apical organelle that helps penetrate mammalian epithelium. In the case of cryptosporidium, there is an interaction between the surface proteins of mammalian epithelial tissue and those of the apical portion of the cryptosporidium infective stage, or oocyst. A scientist is conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis that the oocyst secretes a peptide compound that neutralizes intestinal defense cells. These defense cells are resident in the intestinal epithelium, and defend the tissue by phagocytizing the oocysts.

She sets up the following experiment:

As the neutralizing compound was believed to be secreted by the oocyst, the scientist collected oocysts onto growth media. The oocysts were grown among intestinal epithelial cells, and then the media was collected. The media was then added to another plate where Toxoplasma gondii was growing with intestinal epithelial cells. A second plate of Toxoplasma gondii was grown with the same type of intestinal epithelium, but no oocyst-sourced media was added.

You are conducting a study of an isolated tribe in New Guinea, and you find that there is widespread resistance to cryptosporidium infection. You determine that the gene for resistance is inherited in a recessive fashion. The incidence of resistance in a normal population is 1/900. In New Guinea, it is 1/25. What are the carrier frequencies in the normal population and in New Guinea, respectively? Assume that the populations are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

75% of a given population test positive for Rhesus (Rh) factor antibodies. Given that blood type Rh+ is a dominant allele, what percentage of this population is homozygous?

Cryptosporidium is a genus of gastrointestinal parasite that infects the intestinal epithelium of mammals. Cryptosporidium is water-borne, and is an apicomplexan parasite. This phylum also includes Plasmodium, Babesia, and Toxoplasma.

Apicomplexans are unique due to their apicoplast, an apical organelle that helps penetrate mammalian epithelium. In the case of cryptosporidium, there is an interaction between the surface proteins of mammalian epithelial tissue and those of the apical portion of the cryptosporidium infective stage, or oocyst. A scientist is conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis that the oocyst secretes a peptide compound that neutralizes intestinal defense cells. These defense cells are resident in the intestinal epithelium, and defend the tissue by phagocytizing the oocysts.

She sets up the following experiment:

As the neutralizing compound was believed to be secreted by the oocyst, the scientist collected oocysts onto growth media. The oocysts were grown among intestinal epithelial cells, and then the media was collected. The media was then added to another plate where Toxoplasma gondii was growing with intestinal epithelial cells. A second plate of Toxoplasma gondii was grown with the same type of intestinal epithelium, but no oocyst-sourced media was added.

You are conducting a study of an isolated tribe in New Guinea, and you find that there is widespread resistance to cryptosporidium infection. Upon historical investigation, you find that the population you were studying all derived from a single group of four people that landed on the island 2000 years ago. Which phenomenon is most likely responsible for the observations of cryptosporidum resistance?

If forty percent of a Hardy-Weinberg population is phenotypic for an autosomal recessive trait, approximately what percent of the population will be heterozygous?

A certain island-nation with a population of 200,000 has laws which severely restrict travel onto or off the island. There is an absolute prohibition against marrying foreigners, but island natives may marry as they wish. A non-lethal recessive genetic condition affects 2,000 of the people. How many carriers of this condition live on the island?

I. 198,000

II. 96,000

III. 36,000

IV. 12,400

V. 9,600