MCAT Biology › Other Immunity Principles
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the loss of tolerance to self antigens leading to the presence of high autoantibody titers. There are several underlying causes behind SLE, one of which is a dysregulation in the clearance of apoptotic cells, which can lead to secondary necrosis. This leads to the leakage of danger signals which contributes to the loss of peripheral tolerance and chronic inflammation.
A deficiency in the clearance of apoptotic cells can be attributed to which immune cell type?
The common precursor for all blood and immune cells, including red blood cells and lymphocytes, is found in what part of the body?
Which of the following group of cells are of the myeloid lineage?
Somatic hypermutation of B cell receptor (BCR) genes in immature, developing B lymphocytes generates numerous specificities that are useful against a specific foreign antigen, however the process generates many more specificities that are either low affinity or reactive against self-antigens. Tolerance mechanisms, which include apoptosis or anergy, are in place in the bone marrow to prevent these "non-useful" or "harmful" B cells from exiting. However, these checkpoints are not 100% accurate and numerous B cells with autoreactive BCR's leave and travel to secondary lymphoid tissues.
Tolerance checkpoints exist in secondary lymphoid tissues to purge the repertoire of low-affinity or autoreactive B cells. What is the tolerance checkpoint mechanism in the secondary lymphoid tissues referred to as?
Which of the following is not a true statement regarding germinal centers?
Which cytokine is typically associated with the T helper 1 (Th1) response?
Bone marrow chimeric mice are an invaluable tool used by immunologists to elucidate specific mechanisms of the immune response. The generation of these chimeras involve whole body irradiation to eliminate the mouse bone marrow followed by adoptive transfer of bone marrow from a donor mouse (usually transgenic).
One critical step in the successful generation of bone marrow chimeric mice involves the depletion of T cells from the donor bone marrow. Which of the following is reason for this necessary step?
What is the group of diseases called when a person's immune system loses its ability to recognize its own MHC proteins?
Which of the following class of immunoglobulins is normally responsible for the promotion of the allergy response?
Which of the following cell types is considered to be part of the innate immune response?