Some sympathetic fibers pass through the paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic trunk; other sympathetic fibers synapse there

Some sympathetic fibers leave the central nervous system (CNS) by specific cranial nerves

Sympathetic fibers exit the spinal cord by dorsal roots of spinal nerves

Sympathetic stimulation causes dilation of blood vessels in the skin of the back and limbs

Some sympathetic fibers pass through the paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic trunk; other sympathetic fibers synapse there

Some sympathetic fibers leave the central nervous system (CNS) by specific cranial nerves

Sympathetic fibers exit the spinal cord by dorsal roots of spinal nerves

Sympathetic stimulation causes dilation of blood vessels in the skin of the back and limbs

Sympathetic innervation changes from the thoracic splanchnics to lumbar splanchnics

Blood supply changes from superior mesenteric artery to the celiac trunk

Venous drainage changes from draining to the portal system to draining to the inferior vena cava

Parasympathetic innervation changes from pelvic splanchnics to vagus innervation

Sympathetic innervation changes from the thoracic splanchnics to lumbar splanchnics

Blood supply changes from superior mesenteric artery to the celiac trunk

Venous drainage changes from draining to the portal system to draining to the inferior vena cava

Parasympathetic innervation changes from pelvic splanchnics to vagus innervation

Norepinephrine

Acetylcholine

Dopamine

GABA

Glycine

Norepinephrine

Acetylcholine

Dopamine

GABA

Glycine

Postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system

Postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system

Preganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system

Preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system

None of these secrete epinephrine or norepinephrine

Postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system

Postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system

Preganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system

Preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system

None of these secrete epinephrine or norepinephrine