III, VII, IX, and X

III, VII, VIII, and IX

VII, IX, and X

VII and IX

III, VII, IX, and XI

You will observe mydriasis (pupil dilation)

You will observe miosis (pupil constriction)

There will be no change in pupil size because the pupils do not have muscarinic receptors

The iris sphincter muscles would experience a relaxed paralysis

The iris sphincter muscles would experience a contracted paralysis

Vagus nerve

White ramus communicans

Sympathetic trunk

C3, C4, and C5 spinal nerves

Some parasympathetic fibers leave the CNS by specific cranial nerves

Parasympathetic stimulation causes dilation of blood vessels in the skin of the limbs

Some parasympathetic fibers pass through the paravertebral ganglia, others synapse there

The parasympathetic nervous system does not involve the spinal cord or spinal nerves

Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are found closer to the effector than sympathetic postganglionic neurons

The autonomic nervous system is voluntarily controlled

Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions use epinephrine

Only the parasympathetic division has signals originating from the spinal cord

The cranial nerves are considered part of the autonomic nervous system