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Consider the following reaction.
What is the reaction quotient if ?
The reaction quotient, or Q, of the above reaction is equal to the products over the reactants. Q is calculated in the same manner as Keq, but does not require that the reaction be at equilibrium.
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Consider the following balanced reaction:
The solution has the following concentrations:
Based on these concentrations, what will happen to the solution?
By placing these initial concentrations in the equilibrium expression, we can compare the reaction quotient, , to the equilibrium constant,
.
The reaction quotient for this reaction is:
Note that the reactant is a pure solid, and will not be included in this expression. By setting this equal to the equilibrium constant, we can see whether or
is larger in value.
We can predict how a solution will change based on the value of . When
is less than
, the reaction will shift to the right. If
is greater than
, the reaction will shift to the left. If
is equal to
, the solution is at equilibrium.
Since the value for is greater than the equilibrium constant in this instance, the reaction will shift to the left.
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