Increases blood pressure by increased sodium retention and increasing blood volume

Decreases blood pressure by decreased sodium retention and decreased blood volume

Increases blood pressure by decreased sodium retention and increased blood volume

Decreases blood pressure by increased sodium retention and decreased blood volume

Decreases blood pressure by increased water output in the form of urine

There is no energy expended in the excretory system; all processes involve passive transport due to concentration gradients

The three processes for producing the concentrated urine through the nephron are filtration, secretion, and reabsorption

The function of the excretory system is to maintain osmotic balance and remove nitrogenous wastes like urea

The kidney filters blood to ultimately create urine and excrete ~500mL per day

Proximal convoluted tubule, ascending loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct

Collecting duct, Bowman’s capsule, distal convoluted tubule, descending loop of Henle

Collecting duct, descending loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, Bowman’s capsule

Proximal convoluted tubule, ascending loop of Henle, descending loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule

ADH makes the collecting duct permeable to water, concentrating the urine

ADH makes the collecting duct permeable to water, diluting the urine

ADH makes the collecting duct impermeable to water, concentrating the urine

ADH makes the collecting duct impermeable to water, diluting the urine

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Oxytocin

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Thyroid hormone

Calcitonin

Renin

Angiotensin

Aldosterone

Parathyroid hormone

Adrenaline