The size and shape of their beaks varied, allowing them to consume a greater variety of food sources

The finches all lived on different islands in order to survive

Only the largest birds had survived on the island, while the smaller ones went extinct

The birds were different colors, which allowed for camouflage in different habitats

All of these are evidence of evolution

Vestigial structures

Natural selection

Fossil record

Common ancestor organisms

It is found in the mitochondria and in humans, it is passed down only through the maternal line, from a mother to her children.

It is found in the nucleus and in humans, it is passed down only through the paternal line, from a father to his children.

It is found in the mitochondria and in humans, it is passed down only through the paternal line, from a father to his children.

It is found in the nucleus and in humans, it is passed down only through the maternal line, from a mother to her children.

It is found on a plasmid in the nucleus.

Homologous structures result from a common ancestor; analogous structures result from convergent evolution

Homologous structures result from a common ancestor; analogous structures result from repetitive usage by the individual (and are passed to offspring)

Homologous structures result from convergent evolution; analogous structures result from a common ancestor

Homologous structures result from repetitive usage by the individual (and are passed to offspring); analogous structures result from a common ancestor

There is no difference between homologous and analogous structures

The organism's diet may have changed to one that includes that compound as a nutrient, so the organism can conserve energy by no longer producing the compound on its own.

It is disadvantageous. "Broken" forms of genes are mutations that result in detrimental effects.

DNA transcription requires a high amount of ATP, so having "broken" versions of essential gene sequences conserves energy.

Pseudogenes are quickly removed from the genome, which makes DNA replication faster.

Pseudogenes are detected and repaired by DNA polymerase, so organisms that develop them usually show no major advantage or disadvantage.

homologous

analogous

vestigial

Allof these

None of these

vestigial

analogous

homologous

similar

None of these

homologous structures

analogous structures

the bottleneck effect

convergent evolution

Mendel's laws of inheritance

All of these are correct.

Mitochondria and other plastids multiply via binary fission.

Mitochondria contain their own DNA, which is a single circular chromosome.

Mitochondria have their own ribosomes, which are 70s.

The genes in the nucleus of a cell are not enough to make a functional mitochondrion; mitochondrial genes are also necessary.

Dolphins (very rarely) born with hind flippers, resulting from their four-limbed ancestors.

Humans often born with the ability to wiggle their ears, resulting from their mammalian ancestors who would orient their ears for better hearing.

The human appendix, which has taken on a modified reduced function from its ancestral form.

A rhino's horn, which evolved separately from the horn structures of other animals such as rams or oxen.

A crow's ability to recognize human faces, possibly as a result of both species having evolved together.