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Which of the following is an example of a multipotent stem cell differentiation into a terminal cell type?
Multipotent cell types can give rise to a small number of cell types but have a restricted fate. This is in contrast to totipotent (zygote) or pluripotent cells (germ layers, iPS (induced pluripotent cells)) which can give rise to many different cell types, some that may make up very different parts of the body.
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During asymmetric cell division, cells divide such that the mitotic spindles are oriented perpendicular to the plane on which the cells reside. What types of cells are the original parent cells and how does this affect cell lineage?
The correct answer is that asymmetric cell division begins the differentiation process from "parent" stem cells. Symmetric cell division generates two identical daughter cells that have mitotic spindles oriented parallel to the plane on which the cells reside. However, cells that begin a differentiation lineage undergo asymmetric cell division. The perpendicularity of the mitotic spindle in cells that eventually differentiate contributes to this process.
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Which is the following answers best describes the key difference between totipotentand pluripotentstem cells?
Totipotent stem cells are the stem cells with the greatest potential of all stem cell types. A totipotent stem cell can give rise to any embryonic cell type, and can ultimately form an entire organism. Pluripotent stem cells can become any of the three embryonic germ layers, however, they do not have the capacity to form an entire organism because they cannot give rise to the extraembryonic tissue required for development, such as the placenta.
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