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The mesodermal germ layer can give rise to each of the following cell types except __________.
The mesoderm gives rise to the "middle" cells that line the body, such as the muscle. The notocord is a critical embryonic structure that forms from the mesoderm, and myoblasts and fibroblasts are cells that line the body. The alveoli are part of the lung, which originates from the endodermal germ layer.
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Which of the listed processes are part of gastrulation?
Gastrulation is the process of cells from the epiblast ingressing into the embryo to form the three germ layers of bilaterally symetrical animals. When gastrulation is complete, the embryo is referred to as a gastrula. The group of cells that lead the migration of cells into the embryo are called the primitive streak, and they undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition to be able to migrate. You can image the epithelium as many tightly packed squares. Becomimg mesenchymal turns these cells into more malleable stage, like a soft cushion. They can then "drop" into the inner layer of the blastocyst and lead the process of gastrulation.
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Which of the following statements about determination is true?
Determination is the process of a cell committing to a particular fate and is influenced by the cell's environment as well as its own genome. It's not possible to tell the difference between an undetermined and a determined cell since determined cells do not change in appearance. After determination comes differentiation. Differentiation results from differential gene expression (transcription, mRNA splicing, and translation).
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Which of the following terms describes when the single germ layered blastula reorganizes into a structure with mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm germ layers?
The correct answer is gastrulation. Gastrulation occurs through five stages (1. invagination 2. involution 3. ingression 4. delamination 5. epiboly) and results in the formation of a gastrula with the mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm germ layers. Blastulation is the formation of the single germ layered blastula, which is a process that precedes gastrulation. Somiteogenesis forms somites in developing embryos to give rise to the future spine. Myogenesis is the formation of muscle tissue. Morphogenesis is the process of an organism forming its shape, driven by cell cycle progression, differentiation, and subsequent development of organs and appendages.
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Which embryonic structure is created by the process of gastrulation?
Gastrulation is a process occurring in week three of development. At this time, the epiblast will further differentiate into three germ layers: the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm. As a result, we can say that gastrulation allows for the creation of the mesoderm.
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