Negative; the radical Republicans disagreed on how easily to reintegrate the South into the Union.

Negative; the radical Republicans favored maintaining a strong army and spending a large amount of the budget on arms and soldiers.

Positive; the radical Republicans helped the President integrate the former Confederacy smoothly.

Positive; the radical Republicans helped the President integrate the former Confederacy smoothly.

Positive; the radical Republicans favored the President’s policy of punishing the Confederacy and making reintegration humiliating.

Positive; the radical Republicans favored the President’s policy of punishing the Confederacy and making reintegration humiliating.

Neutral; the radical Republicans worked with the President on some occasions, but there was little enthusiastic support.

Neutral; the radical Republicans worked with the President on some occasions, but there was little enthusiastic support.

in the decades after the Civil War.

during and immediately after the Great Depression.

after the end of the War of 1812.

during the Cold War.

after the end of World War One.

enforce segregation of whites and blacks in the Reconstruction-era South.

prevent women from voting or holding office prior to the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment.

provide funding for affirmative action programs during and after the Civil Rights Era.

improve the condition of poor black families’ living standards during the early twentieth century.

help ease returning veterans back into American society after World War Two.

1869

1824

1881

1901

1911

The Wade-Davis Bill

The Ten-Percent Plan

The G.I. Bill

The Wilmot Proviso

The Gadsden Purchase

Abraham Lincoln's

Ulysses S. Grant's

Andrew Johnson's

Andrew Jackson's

Millard Fillmore's