How Do People Learn Languages?

Theories of language acquisition help teachers understand how students learn English. These ideas guide how lessons are designed and delivered.

Major Theories

• Behaviorist Theory: Language is learned through imitation and practice.
• Innatist Theory: People have a natural ability (a "language instinct") to learn language.
• Social Interactionist Theory: Language is learned through meaningful interaction with others.

The Stages of Language Acquisition

Most learners go through predictable stages:

1. Silent/Receptive: Listening, little speaking.
2. Early Production: Short answers, single words.
3. Speech Emergence: Simple sentences, more risk-taking.
4. Intermediate Fluency: Longer sentences, more complex ideas.
5. Advanced Fluency: Near-native proficiency.

Applying Theory in the Classroom

Understanding these theories helps teachers:

• Create lessons that match students' language stages.
• Use visuals, modeling, and repetition.
• Encourage lots of interaction and communication.