At least 10 protons pass through ATP synthase in order to make a molecule of ATP.

There are six subunits in its ring.

The rotor has 10 to 14 subunits.

It is a membrane-bound protein.

It synthesizes over 100 ATP molecules per second.

Beta subunit

Alpha and beta subunits

Alpha subunit

Gamma subunit

Alpha, beta, and gamma subunits

The proton gradient set up by the electron transport chain causes mechanical rotation of ATP synthase, and this energy is used to form ATP

The high energy electrons from oxidative phosphorylation react with the separate components of ATP and drive them together by using ATP synthase

ATP synthase uses an electron gradient set up by oxidative phosphorylation to drive ATP synthesis

ATP synthase uses energy from G-protein complexes to phosphorylate ADP to ATP

The formation of ATP is energetically favorable and does not require a synthase to be formed