Isaac Newton

Rene Descartes

Francis Bacon

Galileo Galilei

Blaise Pascal

experience with domesticated animals

access to steel weapons and armor

access to horses

access to firearms

access to ocean-going ships

The Scientific Revolution rejected the ideas and teachings of antiquity and the Middle Ages in favor of entirely new concepts

The Scientific Revolution is generally defined as having occurred, for the most part, over the course of the sixteenth and seventeen centuries in Western Europe

At the time, scientists were not actually called scientists at all; instead, they were known as “natural philosophers”

The Scientific Revolution (unlike the swiftness which its name implies) was in reality a very slow, gradual process

The most popular and exciting discoveries made during the Scientific Revolution were those that took place in the field of astronomy

cartography

microbiology

astronomy

mathematics

anatomy

firearms

maize

potatoes

electricity

radio

his pioneering work in microbiology

inventing the system of mathematics known as calculus

writing a book about his travels to China and the Far East

his vitriolic attack against the abuses of the Catholic Church during the Protestant Reformation

inventing the steam engine

Ideas spread more quickly and literacy rates in Europe improved markedly

Religious unorthodoxy was discouraged and Catholicism became the dominant religion on the European continent

Religious unorthodoxy was encouraged and Catholicism was mostly removed from the European continent

Armies fought more effectively and soldiers were more able to survive injuries sustained on the battlefield

Ships were able to navigate the oceans more effectively and merchants grew wealthier as long distance trading ventures became less risky

the printing press

gunpowder

the steam engine

the internal combustion engine

the telegraph

Portugal . . . fifteenth century

Spain . . . .fifteenth century

Spain . . . seventeenth century

The Netherlands . . . seventeenth century

Italy . . . seventeenth century

Isaac Newton

Robert Hooke

Humphry Davy

Galileo

Nicholas Copernicus