"At last they brought him to \[Werowocomoco\], where was Powhatan their Emperor. Here more then two hundred of those grim Courtiers stood wondering at him, as he had been a monster; till Powhatan and his train had put themselves in their greatest braveries. Before a fire upon a seat like a bedstead, he sat covered with a great robe, made of Rarowcun \[raccoon\] skins, and all the tails hanging by. At his entrance before the King, all the people gave a great shout.

Having feasted him after their best barbarous manner they could, a long consultation was held, but the conclusion was, two great stones were brought before Powhatan: then as many as could laid hands on him, dragged him to them, and thereon laid his head, and being ready with their clubs, to beat out his brains, Pocahontas the Kings dearest daughter, when no intreaty could prevail, got his head in her arms, and laid her own upon his to save him from death."

- John Smith, the General History of Virginia, 1624

Which of the following best describes the perspective of John Smith in this passage?

We know our Lands are now become more valuable. The white People think we do not know their Value’ but we are sensible that the Land is everlasting, and the few Goods we receive for it are soon worn out and gone… We are not well used with respect to the lands still unsold by us. Your People daily settle on these Lands, and spoil our Hunting. We must insist on your Removing them, as you know they have no Right to settle.

-Canassatego, Chief of the Onondaga Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy, speech to representatives of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, 1742.

The causes of the French and Indian War included all of the following EXCEPT __________.

"At last they brought him to \[Werowocomoco\], where was Powhatan their Emperor. Here more then two hundred of those grim Courtiers stood wondering at him, as he had been a monster; till Powhatan and his train had put themselves in their greatest braveries. Before a fire upon a seat like a bedstead, he sat covered with a great robe, made of Rarowcun \[raccoon\] skins, and all the tails hanging by. At his entrance before the King, all the people gave a great shout.

Having feasted him after their best barbarous manner they could, a long consultation was held, but the conclusion was, two great stones were brought before Powhatan: then as many as could laid hands on him, dragged him to them, and thereon laid his head, and being ready with their clubs, to beat out his brains, Pocahontas the Kings dearest daughter, when no intreaty could prevail, got his head in her arms, and laid her own upon his to save him from death."

- John Smith, the General History of Virginia, 1624

Smith's story best illustrates which of the following about the society he was observing?

"For having protected, favored, and emboldened the Indians against his Majesty’s loyal subjects, never contriving, requiring, or appointing any due or proper means of satisfaction for their many invasions, robberies, and murders committed upon us."

- Declaration of Nathaniel Bacon, leader of a rebellion of former indentured servants against Governor William Berkeley, 1676

"I have lived 34 years amongst you, as uncorrupt and dilligent as ever Governor was, Bacon is a man of two years amongst you, his person and qualities unknown to most of you, and to all men else, by any virtuous action that ever I heard of...I will take Council of wiser men then my self, but Mr. Bacon hath none about him, but the lowest of the people."

- Governor Williams Berkeley, in response to Bacon's Rebellion, 1676

Which of the following best explains the role of Native Americans in the conflict at the heart of Bacon's Rebellion and other flare-ups within colonial society?

"For having protected, favored, and emboldened the Indians against his Majesty’s loyal subjects, never contriving, requiring, or appointing any due or proper means of satisfaction for their many invasions, robberies, and murders committed upon us."

- Declaration of Nathaniel Bacon, leader of a rebellion of former indentured servants against Governor William Berkeley, 1676

"I have lived 34 years amongst you, as uncorrupt and dilligent as ever Governor was, Bacon is a man of two years amongst you, his person and qualities unknown to most of you, and to all men else, by any virtuous action that ever I heard of...I will take Council of wiser men then my self, but Mr. Bacon hath none about him, but the lowest of the people."

- Governor Williams Berkeley, in response to Bacon's Rebellion, 1676

Indentured servitude was a major source of labor in which of the following colonial regions in the seventeenth century?

The British North American colonies were settled for many reasons. The King granted charters to venturing proprietors and joint stock companies to settle the colonies with the goal of making an economic profit for the British Crown. In addition, for many years Britain viewed North America as a base for piracy and harassment of the Spanish. But by the end of the 16th century the British Crown began to think of it as a place for colonization, trade and as a buffer zone. Thus, North America would be a market for British goods, a source of raw materials and commodities such as furs and would also serve as a safeguard against Spain’s Catholic settlements. The British Crown viewed North American as a perfect opportunity for the British government to obtain raw materials, maintain the colonies as a captive market for finished products from Britain and to settle Britain’s poor citizens to ensure they would contribute to the nation’s wealth by their work in the colonies. The Middle Colonies in particular were well situated to serve as distribution centers for the English mercantilism system and also became a crossroads for new ideas in the colonies. In addition to the profit motive, many individuals came to North America to establish colonies for religious freedom. The new settlers encountered the Native populations as well as French and Spanish settlers. These encounters led to many unique and unfortunate histories for the early colonies such as Roanoke and Jamestown. However, Pennsylvania stood out as a remarkable colonial success. Unlike its sister colonies, it did not engage in violent encounters with the Native population. The Pennsylvania settlers traded with the Native peoples and with other countries such as the West Indies. This success may have been the result of the unique method of acquisition of the land by William Penn.

William Penn acquired the land called Pennsylvania, Penn’s Woods, through what means?