AP Physics C: Mechanics

Advanced Placement Physics C: Mechanics with calculus-based physics principles.

Advanced Topics

Gravitation and Planetary Motion

The Universal Force

Gravitation is the force that holds planets, stars, and galaxies together.

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

Every mass attracts every other mass: \( F = G\frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2} \).

Orbits and Planetary Motion

Calculus allows us to predict how objects move in gravitational fields. Planets follow elliptical paths around stars, as described by Kepler’s Laws.

Everyday Impact

Gravity explains why apples fall and why astronauts float in space. It also helps engineers design stable satellite orbits.

Examples

  • Predicting the orbit of Mars around the Sun.

  • Calculating the force between the Earth and the Moon.

In a Nutshell

Gravitation explains the attraction between masses and how planets and satellites move.