The Structure of Atoms and Power of Nuclei

Scientists have developed models to explain atomic structure, from Dalton’s solid spheres to the quantum model. Nuclear reactions involve changes in an atom’s nucleus, releasing energy.

Atomic Models

• Bohr Model: Electrons orbit the nucleus at specific energy levels.
• Quantum Model: Electrons exist in probability clouds called orbitals.

Nuclear Reactions

• Fission: A nucleus splits into smaller parts, releasing energy.
• Fusion: Two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing even more energy.

Real-World Connections

Understanding atoms and nuclear reactions is crucial for medical imaging, cancer treatment, nuclear energy, and even understanding how stars shine.