Understanding terminology that describes twentieth- and twenty-first-century sculpture - AP Art History

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Question

An American architect closely associated with the Prairie School was __________.

Answer

The Prairie School was an architectural movement that grew around the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century in the American midwest. The Prairie School architects wished for a uniquely American form of architecture that could fit in with the natural landscape of America. Among the leading figures of the Prairie School was the famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, whose early houses were all largely in the Prairie style.

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Question

Three-dimensional art produced from pre-made objects, including things like household items, commercial products, or even trash is known as __________.

Answer

"Found object" can be considered an umbrella term, as it can apply to sculpture, installations, and many other media. The main concept behind "found object" art is that any object can be presented as or included in fine art. The first use of such art was by Marcel Duchamp with his "readymades," which were literally just regular objects Duchamp gave titles to and placed in galleries. The earliest form of the movement was seen as a subset of Dadaism.

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Question

Found object art ___________.

Answer

Found object art, or art that incorporates already made materials, is a form of art that often elicits controversy over what "art" really is--while it began as a conscious technique early in the twentieth century, it continues on today.

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Question

Marcel Duchamp's coined the term "readymade" to describe sculptures made using ________________.

Answer

Readymades were everyday objects that were chosen and then adjusted by the artist before being put on display. Examples include Duchamp's own provocative "Fountain," which was simply a urinal. He saw this as a response to so-called "retinal art," or art that only affected its viewers through sight.

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