Ancient History: Greece

Explore the rich tapestry of Ancient Greece, its culture, politics, philosophy, and contributions to modern civilization.

The Birth of Greek CivilizationDemocracy and Politics in AthensGreek Mythology and ReligionPhilosophy and Thinkers
The Persian Wars and Greek UnityThe Golden Age of AthensSparta: Society and MilitaryAlexander the Great and the Hellenistic World
Greek Contributions to Modern SocietyLearning from Greek PhilosophyTeamwork and Leadership: Lessons from Athens and Sparta
Making History Fun with Stories and GamesSmart Study Habits for Ancient HistoryConnecting Ancient Greece to Today
The Birth of Greek C...Democracy and Politi...Greek Mythology and ...Philosophy and Think...The Persian Wars and...The Golden Age of At...Sparta: Society and ...Alexander the Great ...Greek Contributions ...Learning from Greek ...Teamwork and Leaders...Making History Fun w...Smart Study Habits f...Connecting Ancient G...
Basic Concepts

Democracy and Politics in Athens

How Democracy Was Born

Athens is famous for inventing a new way of running a government: democracy, where citizens have a say in major decisions. But it wasn't always fair or open to everyone!

Who Could Participate?

  • Citizens: Only free-born adult males could vote.
  • Women, Slaves, and Foreigners: Not allowed to participate.

The Assembly and Voting

  • Assembly (Ekklesia): Citizens gathered to debate and vote on issues.
  • Council of 500: Chosen by lottery to prepare business for the assembly.
  • Voting: Usually by a show of hands or secret ballot.

Lasting Influence

The idea that ordinary people can govern themselves has spread around the world and still shapes modern democracies.

Examples

  • Citizens of Athens gathered at the Pnyx hill to vote on war and laws.

  • The Council of 500 was chosen by drawing lots, not just by wealth or birth.

In a Nutshell

Athens invented democracy, letting citizens vote and shape their government.

Key Terms

Democracy
A system of government where citizens exercise power by voting.
Ekklesia
The main assembly of citizens in Athens.
Council of 500
A group of citizens chosen by lot to run daily affairs in Athens.
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Greek Mythology and Religion