Patterns of Light and Stars - 5th Grade Science

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Question

A series of photographs of a 1-meter stick and shadow were taken throughout the day. Students analyzed the photos and recorded the data in the table below. What pattern(s) are revealed about the length of the shadow in the provided data?

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Answer

Data tables are a great way to organize and analyze information from an investigation or experiment. In this investigation, a series of time-lapsed photos were taken from 6:00 am until 8:00 pm, and students measured the length of the shadow that a 1-meter long stick created as well as the angle of the shadow. When reviewing the data, a pattern was revealed about the length of the shadow. The length of the shadow decreased throughout the day until it reached its shortest measurement at the Sun's peak. The length of the shadows increased after this peak. Looking at the column labeled "length," the measurements are increasing until the Sun reaches its peak during the 1:00 pm hour. After the Sun is no longer at its highest point, the length of the shadow begins to increase again. The angle of the shadows also decreased throughout the day. Analyzing data can often lead to patterns being recognized, and predictions about future measurements can be made.

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Question

Mrs. Sweeterman's class is investigating shadows today in the science lab. She hands out a task card, a sheet of large white paper, a cup, and a flashlight to each group. They take turns holding the flashlight in various positions to observe the shadow made by the cup on paper. When all of the students finished their observations, the class discussed the shadows they made and how the amount of light impacted the size of the shadows. Their observations are documented below.

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What caused the shadow to change during the investigation?

Answer

Data tables are a great way to organize and analyze information from an investigation or experiment. Analyzing data can often lead to patterns being recognized, and predictions about future measurements can be made. Based on the investigation that Mrs. Sweeterman's class conducted, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the position of the cup and the position, length, and angle of the shadow. As the cup (Earth) moved positions, the shadow changed as well. The angle and length of the shadow also vary when the position of the cup (Earth) changes.

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Question

A series of photographs of a 1-meter stick and shadow were taken throughout the day. Students analyzed the photos and recorded the data in the table below. What pattern(s) are revealed about the angle of the shadow in the provided data?

Screen shot 2020 06 25 at 8.54.12 am

Answer

Data tables are a great way to organize and analyze information from an investigation or experiment. In this investigation, a series of time-lapsed photos were taken from 6:00 am until 8:00 pm, and students measured the length of the shadow that a 1-meter long stick created as well as the angle of the shadow. When reviewing the data, a pattern was revealed about the angles of the shadow. The angle of the shadow decreased throughout the day until sunset when the shadow disappeared. Analyzing data can often lead to patterns being recognized, and predictions about future measurements can be made. A prediction could be made that a similar measurement of angles would be found tomorrow and each day thereafter.

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Question

A series of photographs of a 1-meter stick and shadow were taken throughout the day. Students analyzed the photos and recorded the data in the table below. Based on this data, what can be predicted to happen with the shadows tomorrow if measured at the same time?

Screen shot 2020 06 25 at 8.54.12 am

Answer

Data tables are a great way to organize and analyze information from an investigation or experiment. In this investigation, a series of time-lapsed photos were taken from 6:00 am until 8:00 pm, and students measured the length of the shadow that a 1-meter long stick created as well as the angle of the shadow. When reviewing the data, a pattern was revealed about the length of the shadow. The length of the shadow decreased throughout the day until it reached its shortest measurement at the Sun's peak. The length of the shadows increased after this peak. Looking at the column labeled "length," the measurements are increasing until the Sun reaches its peak during the 1:00 pm hour. After the Sun is no longer at its highest point, the length of the shadow begins to increase again. The angles decrease as the day progresses until nighttime begins, and there is no shadow. Analyzing data can often lead to patterns being recognized, and predictions about future measurements can be made. The trend will be the same tomorrow to the measurements will be very similar. There might be a slight difference because the Earth has traveled another day in its revolution around the Sun.

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Question

The orbits of Earth around the Sun and of the Moon around Earth, together with the rotation of Earth about an axis between its north and south poles, cause observable patterns. These include daily changes in the length and direction of shadows.

Answer

The statement in the question is correct. Patterns within shadows can be seen by measuring the length and direction and comparing them daily. The Earth's rotation causes the shadows to change throughout the day. The rotation of the Earth also causes day and night. The Earth's revolution causes slight changes in the length of these things because of its location in orbit.

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Question

The NASA provided photo below is depicting what shadow pattern that happens nightly?

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Answer

The shadow pattern that is depicted in the photo is the moon phases. The picture demonstrates where the Moon is located in regard to the Earth and how the Moon appears to us.

NASA explains more about this cycle, "If you have looked into the night sky, you may have noticed the Moon appears to change shape each night. Some nights, the Moon might look like a narrow crescent. Other nights, the Moon might look like a bright circle. And on other nights, you might not be able to see the Moon at all. The different shapes of the Moon that we see at different times of the month are called the Moon’s phases. The Moon does not produce its own light. There is only one source of light in our solar system, and that is the Sun. Without the Sun, our Moon would be completely dark. What you may have heard referred to as “moonlight” is actually just sunlight reflecting off of the Moon’s surface. The Sun’s light comes from one direction, and it always illuminates, or lights up, one half of the Moon – the side of the Moon that is facing the Sun. The other side of the Moon is dark."

Source: https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/moon-phases/en/

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Question

A moon phase is one of the shapes the moon seems to have as it orbits Earth. When Earth is between the moon and the sun, you see a Full Moon. When the moon is between Earth and the sun, you can’t see the moon at all. What is this phase called?

Answer

The shadow pattern that is depicted in the photo is the moon phases. The picture demonstrates where the Moon is located in regard to the Earth and how the Moon appears to us.

NASA explains more about this cycle, “If you have looked into the night sky, you may have noticed the Moon appears to change shape each night. Some nights, the Moon might look like a narrow crescent. Other nights, the Moon might look like a bright circle. And on other nights, you might not be able to see the Moon at all. The different shapes of the Moon that we see at different times of the month are called the Moon’s phases. The Moon does not produce its own light. There is only one source of light in our solar system, and that is the Sun. Without the Sun, our Moon would be completely dark. What you may have heard referred to as “moonlight” is actually just sunlight reflecting off of the Moon’s surface. The Sun’s light comes from one direction, and it always illuminates, or lights up, one half of the Moon – the side of the Moon that is facing the Sun. The other side of the Moon is dark.”

Source: https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/moon-phases/en/

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Question

If there was a full moon last night over Atlanta, Georgia, when would the next full moon occur over Atlanta?

Answer

The shadow pattern that is depicted in the photo is the moon phases. The picture demonstrates where the Moon is located in regard to the Earth and how the Moon appears to us.

NASA explains more about this cycle, “If you have looked into the night sky, you may have noticed the Moon appears to change shape each night. Some nights, the Moon might look like a narrow crescent. Other nights, the Moon might look like a bright circle. And on other nights, you might not be able to see the Moon at all. The different shapes of the Moon that we see at different times of the month are called the Moon’s phases. The Moon does not produce its own light. There is only one source of light in our solar system, and that is the Sun. Without the Sun, our Moon would be completely dark. What you may have heard referred to as “moonlight” is actually just sunlight reflecting off of the Moon’s surface. The Sun’s light comes from one direction, and it always illuminates, or lights up, one half of the Moon – the side of the Moon that is facing the Sun. The other side of the Moon is dark.”

Source: https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/moon-phases/en/

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Question

When the Sun shines on the telephone pole, a shadow of the telephone pole is cast. At different times of the day _________ .

Answer

Patterns within shadows can be seen by measuring the length and direction and comparing them daily. The Earth's rotation causes the shadows to change throughout the day. The rotation of the Earth also causes day and night. The Earth's revolution causes slight changes in the length of these things because of its location in orbit. The correct answer is "the shadow will be at a different place and have a different length" because of the movement of the Earth.

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Question

The rotation of the _______ on its axis causes the position and length of the shadow to change.

Answer

Patterns within shadows can be seen by measuring the length and direction and comparing them daily. The Earth's rotation causes the shadows to change throughout the day. The rotation of the Earth also causes day and night. The Earth's revolution causes slight changes in the length of these things because of its location in orbit.

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Question

Antwon researched the lengths of day and night in different parts of the world on the same day. He created a data table to display the number of daylight hours a specific latitude received on the same day (November 8th). What pattern(s) does the data table reveal about the length of day and night?

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Answer

Antwon using a data table to present the information is a clear and organized way to help others understand what his research revealed. Based on the data, it can be seen that as the number of daylight hours increases, the number of nighttime hours decreases the further south traveled. At a latitude of 90o South, there are 24 hours of sunlight and 0 minutes/hours of daylight compared to a latitude of 90o North where there is absolutely no daylight. Analyzing data can reveal patterns that help us understand the natural world and make predictions about future events.

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this change takes place, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

An Earth day is 24 hours because the Earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours.

Answer

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this is true, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

The Earth rotating on its axis is the cause for day and night. When it is daytime for half of Earth, it is nighttime for the other half.

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

Why is half of the Earth dark and the other half white in this diagram?

Side of the spherical earth illuminated by the sun.

Source of diagram: The Victoria State Education and Training department

Answer

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why half of the Earth is in nighttime and the other daytime, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

At any one time, half of the Earth's sphere is in sunlight while the other half is in darkness. The Earth's rotation causes this change to take place every day. It is a predictable pattern that we can count on.

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

Mr. Green's class is studying the Solar System and Milky Way Galaxy. Today they are doing an investigation in the lab. Asia and Chele are partners for today's activity. They are given a ping pong ball with a sticker on one side, a flashlight, and their lab journals with a pencil for recording observations or data. Mr. Green turns off the lights. Asia holds the ping pong ball that represents Earth at a slight angle (like its axis) while Chele shines a flashlight on the center of the ball. Asia slowly rotates the Earth counterclockwise, and they observe where the light shines and where it doesn't. They take notice of the sticker and whether the sun shines on it or it is in darkness while the Earth rotates. Their observations are below.

Screen shot 2020 06 30 at 8.43.34 am

Based on Asia and Chele's observations, how do we know which areas of the world are experiencing daytime?

Answer

The part of Earth facing the Sun will experience day time. The opposite side will be experiencing nighttime. The Earth's rotation on its axis determines daytime and night because of its location regarding the Sun.

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this is true, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the Sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the Sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the Sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the Sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

Mr. Green's class is studying the Solar System and Milky Way Galaxy. Today they are doing an investigation in the lab. Asia and Chele are partners for today's activity. They are given a ping pong ball with a sticker on one side, a flashlight, and their lab journals with a pencil for recording observations or data. Mr. Green turns off the lights. Asia holds the ping pong ball that represents Earth at a slight angle (like its axis) while Chele shines a flashlight on the center of the ball. Asia slowly rotates the Earth counterclockwise, and they observe where the light shines and where it doesn't. They take notice of the sticker and whether the sun shines on it or it is in darkness while the Earth rotates. Their observations are below.

Screen shot 2020 06 30 at 8.43.34 am

How does the amount of sunlight change as the Earth rotates?

Answer

The amount of sunlight changes at a location based on whether they are facing towards the Sun or away from the Sun. When facing directly towards the Sun, an area will experience daytime while the opposite side of Earth experiences night. The light starts to dim as the Earth rotates, and the location begins to experience nighttime. As the rotation takes place, the opposite of Earth becomes lighter as daytime begins.

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Question

Why do the Sun and the Moon appear to move across the sky from east to west instead of remaining in one place?

Answer

The amount of sunlight changes at a location based on whether they are facing towards the Sun or away from the Sun. When facing directly towards the Sun, an area will experience daytime while the opposite side of Earth experiences night. The light starts to dim as the Earth rotates, and the location begins to experience nighttime. As the rotation takes place, the opposite of Earth becomes lighter as daytime begins.

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this is true, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the Sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the Sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the Sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the Sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

Which of these is a direct result of Earth's rotation?

Answer

The part of Earth facing the Sun will experience day time. The opposite side will be experiencing nighttime. The Earth's rotation on its axis determines daytime and night because of its location regarding the Sun. This rotation leads to a 24 hour day on Earth.

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this is true, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the Sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the Sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the Sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the Sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

Why does Earth have day and night?

Answer

The part of Earth facing the Sun will experience day time. The opposite side will be experiencing nighttime. The Earth's rotation on its axis determines daytime and night because of its location regarding the Sun.

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this is true, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the Sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the Sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the Sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the Sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

Which of the following motions defines the length of Earth's day?

Answer

The part of Earth facing the Sun will experience day time. The opposite side will be experiencing nighttime. The Earth's rotation on its axis determines daytime and night because of its location regarding the Sun.

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this is true, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the Sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the Sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the Sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the Sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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Question

Jimena knows that Earth rotates on its axis. How much time has passed after one rotation of Earth on its axis?

Answer

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this is true, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the Sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the Sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the Sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the Sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx

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