Patterns and Fossils - 4th Grade Science

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Question

Which section of this rock formation would be the oldest?

Cyprus, Cavo Greko, Sea Caves, Window

Answer

The section of rock that is the oldest is at the bottom of the formation. The graphic shown has a change in color as the rock formation changes in age. The darkest portion at the bottom is the oldest; then it gets lighter as the rock gets newer, the newest portion is the orange/tan section at the top. Each layer of rock has been exposed, weathered, and eroded over time.

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Question

In which of Earth's layer would there most likely be a yellow shade of rock?

Screen shot 2020 06 18 at 2.18.19 pm

Answer

This data table provides information about the different characteristics of each of Earth's layers. Each layer has individual features and changes the patterns and appearance of the rock formations. The only layer which has a yellow color is made of sandstone. Using the process of elimination, this could be determined from the table.

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Question

Mrs. Elsa claims that the graphic shown below demonstrates a change in the rock layers. She says that they should be lined up with the same color in each row but there has been a shift.

Which natural disaster could cause this change in rock layers that would support Mrs. Elsa's claim?

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Answer

Mrs. Elsa is correct, and the graphic supports her claim. The rock layers should be lined up where the same colors are next to each other, but there has been a shift in the layers caused by an earthquake. When an earthquake shakes the rock formations, the layers are shifted, and there is a disruption in their pattern. This cannot be reversed. It provides scientists with evidence that there was once an earthquake in this area and gives them useful information.

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Question

These fossils were found in the Earth's layer made of what type of rock?

Fossil, Museum, Ammonite. Screen shot 2020 06 18 at 2.18.19 pm

Answer

These are fossils of shells leftover from aquatic creatures, so they would be found in the marine (water) animal layer. They would not be found where land animals lived or in areas of magma or volcanic ash. There are changes in fossils depending on their location and which Earth layer they are located in.

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Question

Which answer choice has the rock layers listed in the correct order from oldest to newest?

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Answer

The rock layers change through the years, and their location within the formation can assist scientists and researchers learn how old each layer is. The oldest layers are at the bottom of the structure, and the newest layers are at the top. The correct order is G, F, E, D, C, B, A.

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Question

True or False: The photo below depicts no changes to the rock layers over time.

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Answer

The section of rock that is the oldest is at the bottom of the formation. The graphic shown has a change in color as the rock formation changes in age. The darkest portion at the bottom is the oldest; then it gets lighter as the rock gets newer; the newest part is the orange/tan section at the top. Each layer of rock has been exposed, weathered, and eroded over time. The statement in the question is false; this rock formation depicts changes over time.

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Question

Which section of this rock formation would be the newest?

Screen shot 2020 08 27 at 4.00.07 pm

Answer

The section of rock at the top of the formation would be the newest or youngest stone. The oldest layers start at the bottom, and they are more recent (younger) as they move upwards.

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Question

In which of Earth's layer would there most likely be a cylindrical shaped particles of rock?

Screen shot 2020 09 14 at 12.42.17 pm

Answer

This data table provides information about the different characteristics of each of Earth's layers. Each layer has individual features and changes the patterns and appearance of the rock formations. The only layer which has cylindrical shaped particles of rock is made of terrestrial animal fossils. Using the process of elimination, this could be determined from the table.

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Question

True or False: The marine fossils pictured below were found in an inland desert. This proves that the environment has changed over time.

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Answer

Fossils are a good representation of what the environment was at the time the organism died. If these fossils are of marine creatures, that means they were living in an area that was underwater or near the water. The site is currently described as an inland desert, so the environment has changed over time, making the statement correct.

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Question

Which section of this rock formation would be the oldest?

Screen shot 2020 09 14 at 1.00.01 pm

Answer

The rock layers change through the years, and their location within the formation can assist scientists and researchers learn how old each layer is. The oldest layers are at the bottom of the structure, and the newest layers are at the top. Section G is the oldest layer of the rock.

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Question

What patterns of change are noticeable in the graphic of the rock formation below?

Colorado River, Grand Canyon, Landscape

Answer

This is a graphic of a canyon, which is a type of rock formation. Changes can be noticed in the formation as it progresses upwards. The colors are light, almost gray color towards the bottom of the canyon closest to the water. The canyon is darker and burnt orange as it moves upwards. As the canyon changes in age, it also changes in colors. A canyon like the one pictured is an obvious way to see how the Earth has changed over the years.

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Question

This is a graphic of sandstone on a beach that has been worn away over time by wind and water. What patterns are identifiable in this rock formation?

Rock, Sandstone, Washout, Nature, Shoreline, Beach

Answer

This sandstone on the beach shore demonstrates the patterns of change that can be seen in rock formations. The rock changes colors as it progresses; there are stripes of different oranges, tans, and reds. Some sections are covered in holes, and those parts are grey, black, and white. There are changes in textures throughout the rock formation. Some parts are smooth, and others are covered in holes. As rocks are weathered and eroded with wind and water over the years, there are visible changes to the formations and structure.

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Question

Based on the table below, how do rock formations change?

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Answer

This table shows the different layers of rocks, how they are formed, and what they are created from. What is noticeable about the changes in the rock layers is that each one is built from something different, has unique characteristics, and is formed in its ways. There are no two layers that are the same.

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Question

Which graphic represents a rock formation that has changed through time?

Answer

The graphic that represents a rock formation that has changed over time must demonstrate different layers, weathered walls, a change in shape, and variation in colors. Only one photo matches this description and shows a rock formation that has changed.

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Question

How does this photo represent patterns of change within a rock formation?

Screen shot 2020 06 18 at 4.09.17 pm

Answer

This photo is an excellent example of how rock formation change and there are patterns within the layers. The picture is separated into layers, and there are variations in the color, some segments have ledges, and the texture appears to change throughout the formation. The oldest layers at the bottom are similar in color and appearance, while the same can be said about the upper layers.

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Question

True or False: Scientists study the rock formations (like in the picture below) looking for patterns to determine how the Earth has changed over time.

Screen shot 2020 09 08 at 8.37.25 am

Answer

This is a graphic of a canyon, which is a type of rock formation. Changes can be noticed in the formation as it progresses upwards. The colors are light, almost gray color towards the bottom of the canyon closest to the water. The canyon is darker and burnt orange as it moves upwards. As the canyon changes in age, it also changes in colors. A canyon like the one pictured is an obvious way to see how the Earth has changed over the years. Scientists look for these changes and study how the Earth has changed over time.

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Question

What natural processes cause changes in this rock formation over time?

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Answer

This sandstone on the beach shore demonstrates the patterns of change that can be seen in rock formations. The rock changes colors as it progresses; there are stripes of different oranges, tans, and reds. Some sections are covered in holes, and those parts are grey, black, and white. There are changes in textures throughout the rock formation. Some parts are smooth, and others are covered in holes. As rocks are weathered and eroded with wind and water over the years, there are visible changes to the formations and structure.

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Question

How does the data table below demonstrate that rock formations change over time?

Screen shot 2020 09 08 at 8.56.19 am

Answer

This table shows the different layers of rocks, how they are formed, and what they are created from. What is noticeable about the changes in the rock layers is that each one is built from something different, has unique characteristics, and is formed in its ways. There are no two layers that are the same. Each layer is different, which demonstrates there is a change in the formation as well as the environment with the creation of each new layer.

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Question

What patterns can be found between the two images of rock formations below?

Screen shot 2020 09 08 at 8.37.25 amScreen shot 2020 09 08 at 9.03.16 am

Answer

The graphics represent rock formations that have changed over time must demonstrate different layers, weathered walls, a change in shape, and variation in colors. When comparing the two rock formations, there are differences, but a pattern emerges that color variations, lines and grooves, and distinct layers are present in both formations.

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Question

True or False: The photo below represents the natural process of weathering and erosion, creating a rock formation.

Screen shot 2020 09 08 at 9.12.17 am

Answer

A graphic that includes a rock formation that has changed over time must demonstrate different layers, weathered walls, a change in shape, variation in colors, and must be naturally occurring. This is a pile of rocks that has been stacked on each other by a human and is not naturally occurring through weathering and erosion.

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